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. 2020 Jul 23;8:846. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00846

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Copyright © 2020 Yang, Li, Lan, Lee, Lee, Wu, Tang, Niu, Lin, Shiu, Cheung, Lee, Lee, Chien and Tarng.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The arteriovenous anastomotic angle (AV angle) significantly correlated with the blood flow disturbance of the arteriovenous fistula (AVF), particularly at the stenotic lesion site. (A–E) Correlation dot plots between AV angle and flow disturbance at five different locations of the AVF. RA, radial artery; Ana, anastomosis; PDS, proximal downstream site; DDS, distal downstream site. (F) The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that the AV angle determines the lesion’s flow disturbance with a high area under the curve value of 0.878. (G) The ROC analysis identified a cut-off value of AV angle as 46.5°, above or below which the AVF flow disturbance was significantly different.