Table 1. Baseline Clinical and Echocardiography Characteristics.
| Characteristic | No./total No. (%) of patients | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transseptal (n = 1326) | Transapical (n = 203) | Combined (N = 1529) | ||
| Clinical characteristic | ||||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 73.4 (11.86) | 72.6 (11.66) | 73.3 (11.84) | .36 |
| Women | 785/1326 (59.2) | 119/203 (58.6) | 904/1529 (59.1) | .88 |
| NYHA class | ||||
| I | 18/1308 (1.4) | 2/202 (1.0) | 20/1510 (1.3) | >.99 |
| II | 159/1308 (12.2) | 16/202 (7.9) | 175/1510 (11.6) | .08 |
| III | 735/1308 (56.2) | 114/202 (56.4) | 849/1510 (56.2) | .95 |
| IV | 396/1308 (30.3) | 70/202 (34.7) | 466/1510 (30.9) | .21 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 952/1325 (71.8) | 130/203 (64) | 1082/1528 (70.8) | .02 |
| Prior stroke | 232/1325 (17.5) | 31/202 (15.3) | 263/1527 (17.2) | .45 |
| COPD | 607/1314 (46.2) | 95/202 (47) | 702/1516 (46.3) | .82 |
| Currently receiving dialysis | 70/1325 (5.3) | 12/203 (5.9) | 82/1528 (5.4) | .71 |
| Prior CABG | 442/1322 (33.4) | 84/203 (41.4) | 526/1525 (34.5) | .03 |
| Prior AVP | 315/1325 (23.8) | 49/203 (24.1) | 364/1528 (23.8) | .91 |
| Hostile chest | 223/1326 (16.8) | 45/203 (22.2) | 268/1529 (17.5) | .06 |
| STS score, mean (SD) | 11.0 (8.58) | 11.7 (9.46) | 11.1 (8.70) | .30 |
| STS, ≤4% | 157/1256 (12.5) | 30/192 (15.6) | 187/1448 (12.9) | .25 |
| 4% < STS ≤ 8% | 407/1256 (32.4) | 49/192 (25.5) | 456/1448 (31.5) | .07 |
| STS, >8% | 69/1256 (55.1) | 113/192 (58.9) | 805/1448 (55.6) | .35 |
| Echocardiography characteristic | ||||
| LV ejection fraction, mean (SD), % | 54.9 (12.14) | 54.1 (11.51) | 54.8 (12.06) | .36 |
| Mean MVG, mean (SD), mm Hg | 12.6 (5.48) | 13.3 (5.35) | 12.7 (5.47) | .08 |
| Tricuspid insufficiency (moderate-severe) | 734/1320 (55.6) | 114/203 (56.2) | 848/1523 (55.7) | .88 |
| Primary MV pathology | ||||
| Stenosis | 682/1226 (55.6) | 102/189 (54.0) | 784/1415 (55.4) | .65 |
| Regurgitation | 306/1226 (25.0) | 45/189 (23.8) | 351/1415 (24.8) | .79 |
| MS and MR | 238/1226 (19.4) | 42/189 (22.2) | 280/1415 (19.8) | .38 |
Abbreviations: AVP, aortic valve procedure; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; LV, left ventricular; MR, mitral regurgitation; MS, mitral stenosis; MV, mitral valve; MVG, mitral valve gradient; NYHA, New York Heart Association; STS, Society of Thoracic Surgeons.