TABLE 1.

Detection of genetic differentiation (F_ST) and isolation by distance (IBD) of Swan Geese Anser cygnoides for males, females, and the whole dataset. df, degree of freedom; p_AMOVA, p‐value for the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA); R_xy, correlation coefficient of IBD; p_IBD, p‐value for the analysis of IBD

Testing group	Location number	FST	Variation among localities	df	p AMOVA	Rxy	p IBD
Males	7	0.019	2%	6	.001	.075	.001
Females	7	0.022	2%	6	.001	.020	.240
Whole dataset	14	0.018	2%	12	.001	.044	.001