Table 3. Physical Signs of Illness in 9a-Treated Mice in Monotherapy and in Combination with Artesunatea.
| NC | monotherapy 9a |
combination therapy |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| clinical symptoms appeared in experimental animals | DPI | NC | 10 mg/kg | 20 mg/kg | 50 mg/kg | 100 mg/kg | PC | 9a + AS 4 mg/kg | 9a + AS 50 mg/kg | PC |
| behavioral lethargy | 5 | ++ | ++ | + | – | – | – | + | – | – |
| 7 | +++ | +++ | +++ | – | – | – | ++ | – | – | |
| 14 | ××× | ××× | ××× | + | – | – | +++ | – | – | |
| 21 | ××× | ××× | ××× | – | – | – | ××× | – | – | |
| 28 | ××× | ××× | ××× | – | – | – | ××× | – | – | |
| reduction in movement | 5 | ++ | ++ | + | – | – | – | + | – | – |
| 7 | +++ | +++ | +++ | – | – | – | ++ | – | – | |
| 14 | ××× | ××× | ××× | – | – | – | +++ | – | – | |
| 21 | ××× | ××× | ××× | – | – | – | ××× | – | – | |
| 28 | ××× | ××× | ××× | – | – | – | ××× | – | – | |
| passage of dark urine | 5 | ++ | ++ | + | – | – | – | + | – | – |
| 7 | +++ | +++ | ++ | – | – | – | ++ | – | – | |
| 14 | ××× | ××× | ××× | – | – | – | +++ | – | – | |
| 21 | ××× | ××× | ××× | – | – | – | ××× | – | – | |
| 28 | ××× | ××× | ××× | – | – | – | ××× | – | – | |
| impaired consciousness, convulsions, and seizures | 5 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 7 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| 14 | ××× | ××× | ××× | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| 21 | ××× | ××× | ××× | – | – | – | ××× | – | – | |
| 28 | ××× | ××× | ××× | – | – | – | ××× | – | – | |
a
(−): absent; (+): mild; (++): moderate; (+++): severe; (×××): mortality; DPI: day post inoculation; NC: negative control; PC: positive control.