Table 2.
Parasites | Stages | Host species | Geographical origin | Living conditions | GenBank accession number | References | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ITS | cox2 | nad1 | ITS | cox2 | nad1 | |||||
Toxascaris leonina | Adult | South China tiger | China | China | China | Zoo | JF837178 | JF792251 | JF833964 | This study |
Adult | African lion | China | China | China | Zoo | JF837176 | JF792249 | JF833962 | This study | |
Adult | Wolf | China | China | China | Zoo | JF837174 | JF792247 | JF833960 | This study | |
Adult | Eurasian lynx | China | China | China | Zoo | JF837179 | JF792252 | JF833965 | This study | |
Adult | Bengal tiger | China | China | China | Zoo | JF837177 | JF792250 | JF833963 | This study | |
Adult | Amur tiger | China | China | China | Zoo | JF837175 | JF792248 | JF833961 | This study | |
Adult | Wolf | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309918 | MK318024 | MK318063 | This study | |
Adult | Wolf | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309917 | MK318023 | MK318062 | This study | |
Adult | Wolf | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309916 | MK318022 | MK318061 | This study | |
Adult | Wolf | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309915 | MK318021 | MK318060 | This study | |
Adult | Wolf | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309914 | MK318020 | MK318059 | This study | |
Adult | Amur tiger | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309890 | MK317996 | MK318035 | This study | |
Adult | Amur tiger | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309891 | MK317997 | MK318036 | This study | |
Adult | Amur tiger | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309892 | MK317998 | MK318037 | This study | |
Adult | Amur tiger | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309893 | MK317999 | MK318038 | This study | |
Adult | Amur tiger | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309894 | MK318000 | MK318039 | This study | |
Adult | African lion | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309905 | MK318011 | MK318050 | This study | |
Adult | African lion | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309913 | MK318019 | MK318058 | This study | |
Adult | African lion | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309912 | MK318018 | MK318057 | This study | |
Adult | African lion | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309911 | MK318017 | MK318056 | This study | |
Adult | African lion | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309910 | MK318016 | MK318055 | This study | |
Adult | African lion | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309907 | MK318013 | MK318052 | This study | |
Adult | African lion | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309906 | MK318012 | MK318051 | This study | |
Adult | Eurasian lynx | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309904 | MK318010 | MK318049 | This study | |
Adult | African lion | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309908 | MK318014 | MK318053 | This study | |
Adult | African lion | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309909 | MK318015 | MK318054 | This study | |
Adult | Bengal tiger | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309895 | MK318001 | MK318040 | This study | |
Adult | Bengal tiger | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309896 | MK318002 | MK318041 | This study | |
Adult | Bengal tiger | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309897 | MK318003 | MK318042 | This study | |
Adult | Bengal tiger | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309898 | MK318004 | MK318043 | This study | |
Adult | Bengal tiger | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309899 | MK318005 | MK318044 | This study | |
Adult | Bengal tiger | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309900 | MK318006 | MK318045 | This study | |
Adult | South China tiger | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309919 | MK318025 | MK318064 | This study | |
Adult | South China tiger | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309920 | MK318026 | MK318065 | This study | |
Adult | South China tiger | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309921 | MK318027 | MK318066 | This study | |
Adult | Eurasian lynx | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309903 | MK318009 | MK318048 | This study | |
Adult | South China tiger | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309922 | MK318028 | MK318067 | This study | |
Adult | African lion | China | China | China | Zoo | JN617988 | – | – | Unpublished | |
Adult | Red fox | USA | USA | – | – | – | AF179922 | – | Nadler and Hudspeth [22] | |
Adult | Dog | – | Australia | Australia | Domestication | – | NC_023504 | NC_023504 | Liu et al. [35] | |
Adult | Dog | Iran | – | – | Domestication | KF577860-62 | – | – | Unpublished | |
Adult | Fox | USA | – | – | Zoo | MH030606 | – | – | Hoberg et al. [67] | |
Adult | Unknown | Thailand | – | – | – | KR999999 | – | – | Unpublished | |
Adult | Dog | – | – | Iran | In the wild | – | – | KC293969, KC293947-69 | Fogt-Wyrwas et al. [12] | |
Adult | Fox | Poland | – | – | In the wild | HM800922 | – | – | Fogt-Wyrwas et al. [12] | |
Adult | Dog | Iran | – | – | Domestication | KF577860-62 | – | – | Fogt-Wyrwas et al. [12] | |
Toxocara cati | Adult | Jungle cat | China | China | China | Zoo | JF837172 | JF792245 | JF833958 | This study |
Adult | Asian golden cat | China | China | China | Zoo | JF837173 | JF792246 | JF833959 | This study | |
Adult | Leopard cat | China | China | China | Zoo | JF837171 | JF792244 | JF833957 | This study | |
Adult | Jungle cat | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309925 | MK318031 | MK318070 | This study | |
Adult | Asian golden cat | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309902 | MK318008 | MK318047 | This study | |
Adult | Asian golden cat | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309901 | MK318007 | MK318046 | This study | |
Adult | Leopard cat | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309924 | MK318030 | MK318069 | This study | |
Adult | Leopard cat | China | China | China | Zoo | MK309923 | MK318029 | MK318068 | This study | |
Adult | Cat | Japan | Domestication | AB571303 | – | – | Arizono et al. [68] | |||
Adult | Cat | – | China | China | In the wild | – | NC_010773 | NC_010773 | Li et al. [69] | |
Adult | Cat | China | – | – | Domestication |
KY003075-76, KY003079-81 |
– | – | He et al. [70] | |
Egg | Cat | Iran | – | – | In the wild | MF592392-99, MF592400-02 | – | – | Unpublished | |
Adult | Cat | Iran | – | – | In the wild | JX536257-59 | – | – | Unpublished | |
Adult | Cat | India | – | – | Domestication | KJ777179 | – | – | Unpublished | |
Adult | Cat | – | – | Iran | Domestication | – | – | KC200213-17, KC200222-23, KC200225-27, KC200229-32, KC200235, KC200237, KC200239-41, KC200247 | Mikaeili et al. [21] | |
Egg | Cat | – | – | Iran | Domestication | – | – | KC200246 | Mikaeili et al. [21] | |
Adult | Cat | – | – | UK | Domestication | – | – | AJ937261 | Li et al. [16] | |
Adult | Cat | – | China | China | Domestication | – | AM411622 | AM411622 | Li et al. [69] | |
Adult | Cat | – | – | Australia | – | – | – | AJ937262 | Li et al. [16] | |
Toxocara canis | Adult | Red fox | China | China | China | Zoo | JF837170 | JF792243 | JF833956 | This study |
Adult | Arctic fox | China | China | China | Zoo | JF837169 | JF780952 | JF833955 | This study | |
Adult | Red fox | China | – | – | Zoo | MK309928 | MK318034 | MK318073 | This study | |
Adult | Arctic fox | China | – | – | Zoo | MK309926 | MK318032 | MK318071 | This study | |
Adult | Arctic fox | China | – | – | Zoo | MK309927 | MK318033 | MK318072 | This study | |
Adult | Fox | – | Australia | Australia | In the wild | – | EU730761 | EU730761 | Jex et al. [71] | |
Unknown | Unknown | – | Japan | Japan | Unknown | – | AP017701 | AP017701 | Unpublished | |
Unknown | Unknown | – | Sri Lanka | – | Unknown | – | JN593098 | – | Wickramasinghe et al. [72] | |
Adult | Wolf | China | – | – | Zoo | JN617989 | – | – | Unpublished | |
Adult | Dog | – | USA | – | – | – | AF179923 | – | Nadler and Hudspeth [22] | |
Adult | Dog | – | China | China | Domestication | – | NC_010690 | NC_010690 | Li et al. [69] | |
Egg | Dog | Iran | – | – | In the wild | MF592391 | – | – | Choobineh et al. [73] | |
Adult | Dog | Iran | – | – | In the wild | KF577855 | – | – | Unpublished | |
Adult | Dog | – | – | Iran | In the wild | – | – | KC293915-17, KC293920-23 | Mikaeili et al. [21] | |
Adult | Dog | – | – | Australia | In the wild | – | – | AJ920383-85 | Li et al. [16] | |
Adult | Dog | – | – | China | In the wild | – | – | AJ920382 | Li et al. [16] | |
Larvae | Dog | – | – | Netherlands | – | – | – | AJ920386 | Li et al. [16] | |
Adult | Cat | – | – | China | Domestication | – | – | AJ920387 | Li et al. [16] | |
Toxocara malaysiensis | Adult | Cat | – | China | China | Domestication | – | AM412316 | AM412316 | Li et al. [16] |
Adult | Cat | China | – | – | Domestication | AM231609 | – | – | Li et al. [16] | |
Adult | Cat | – | China | Domestication | – | – | AJ937263-65 | Li et al. [16] | ||
Toxocara vitulorum | Adult | Yak | India | – | – | Domestication | KJ777180 | – | – | Unpublished |
Adult | Cattle | India | – | – | – | KJ777181 | – | – | Unpublished | |
Adult | Mithun calf | India | – | – | – | KJ777182 | – | – | Unpublished | |
Adult | Cattle | USA | – | – | Domestication | KT737382 | – | – | Unpublished | |
Adult | European bison | Germany | – | – | – | KY442062 | – | – | Unpublished | |
Egg | Water buffalo | – | – | Sri Lanka | – | – | – | AJ937266 | Li et al. [16] | |
Adult | Yak | – | – | China | Domestication | – | – | KY825180-81 | Li et al. [74] | |
Adult | Water buffalo | – | Sri Lanka | – | Domestication | – | FJ664617 | – | Wickramasinghe et al. [75] | |
Baylisascaris transfuga | Adult | Unknown | China | – | – | Zoo | JN617990 | – | – | Unpublished |
Adult | Polar bear | – | China | China | Zoo | – | NC_015924 | NC_015924 | Xie et al. [37] | |
Baylisascaris columnaris | Adult | Striped skunk | – | USA | In the wild | – | KY580741 | – | Choi et al. [76] | |
Baylisascaris procyonis | Adult | Raccoon | – | China | China | Zoo | – | JF951366 | JF951366 | Xie et al. [33] |
Baylisascaris schroederi | Adult | Giant panda | – | China | China | Zoo | – | HQ671081 | HQ671081 | Xie et al. [37] |
Adult | Giant panda | – | – | China | Zoo | – | – | FJ377549 | Unpublished | |
Adult | Giant panda | China | – | Zoo | JN210911 | – | – | Lin et al. [77] | ||
Ascaris ovis | Adult | Sheep | – | China | China | – | – | KU522453 | KU522453 | Unpublished |
Adult | Sheep | China | – | – | – | KU522455 | – | – | Unpublished | |
Ascaris suum | Adult | Tibetan pig | China | – | – | Domestication | KY964447 | – | – | Li et al. [78] |
Adult | Pig | – | USA | USA | Domestication | – | NC_001327 | NC_001327 | Wolstenholme et al. [79] | |
Ascaris lumbricoides | Adult | Human | – | Korea | Korea | Domestication | – | JN801161 | JN801161 | Park et al. [80] |
Adult | Human | – | Denmark | Denmark | Domestication | – | KY045803 | KY045803 | Unpublished | |
Adult | Human | Japan | – | – | Domestication | AB571300 | – | – | Arizono et al. [68] |