Table 1.
General characteristics of the study population according to serum LDL concentration
| Men (n = 10,086) | Women (n = 18,086) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low-LDL1 (n = 9073) |
High-LDL2 (n = 1013) |
Low-LDL1 (n = 15,336) |
High-LDL2 (n = 2750) |
|
| Age (years)3 | 54.9 ± 8.4 | 55.8 ± 8.1** | 52.5 ± 7.7 | 56.0 ± 6.7*** |
| Body mass index (kg/m2)3 | 24.3 ± 2.7 | 25.0 ± 2.6*** | 23.6 ± 2.9 | 24.1 ± 2.9*** |
| Waist circumference (cm)3 | 85.4 ± 7.5 | 87.3 ± 7.1*** | 78.0 ± 8.2 | 79.3 ± 7.8*** |
| Hip circumference (cm)3 | 96.0 ± 5.5 | 96.0 ± 5.5 | 93.6 ± 5.6 | 93.1 ± 5.6*** |
| Serum total cholesterol (mg/dL)3 | 187 ± 29.8 | 231 ± 44*** | 192 ± 25 | 240 ± 40*** |
| Serum HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)3 | 48.8 ± 11.7 | 49.4 ± 10.8 | 54.9 ± 13 | 55.5 ± 39* |
| Serum LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)3 | 108 ± 27 | 152 ± 44*** | 114 ± 24 | 161 ± 12*** |
| Ratio of LDL and HDL3 | 2.19 ± 0.76 | 3.02 ± 1.14*** | 2.34 ± 0.67 | 3.20 ± 0.98*** |
| Serum TG (mg/dL)3 | 148 ± 104 | 153 ± 95 | 113 ± 74 | 121 ± 65*** |
| Plasma glucose (mg/dL)3 | 98.5 ± 22.2 | 100 ± 24* | 91.7 ± 21.5 | 94.2 ± 20.5*** |
| Cardiovascular disease4 (number, %) | 523 (5.76) | 67 (6.61) | 443 (2.89) | 93 (3.38)* |
| Myocardial infarction (%) | 370 (4.01) | 45 (4.44) | 319 (2.08) | 66 (2.40) |
| Stroke (%) | 153 (1.68) | 20 (1.97) | 124 (0.81) | 27 (0.98) |
The values represent means ± standard deviations or number of the subjects (percentage of each group). 1 Low serum LDL cholesterol concentrations < 160 mg/dl; 2 High serum LDL cholesterol concentrations ≥160 mg/dl and/or taking lipid-lowering medicine;
Significantly different from Low-LDL group in men and women at *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001