Table 5.
Prevalence and relative risk of adverse outcomes among infants with presumed congenital Zika Virus infection (infant ZIKV PCR positive at birth) in the Jundiai Zika Cohort from March 2016 to August 2017, Jundiaí, SP, Brazil.
| Infant ZIKV RT-PCR positive at birth (n = 19) | Infant ZIKV RT-PCR negative at birth (n = 390) | Crude RR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| All adverse outcomes | 4 (21.1%) | 86 (22.1%) | 1.0 (0.4–2.3) |
| SGA | 2 (10.5%) | 42 (10.8%) | |
| LBW | 2 (10.5%) | 38 (9.7%) | (0.3–3.7) |
| Microcephaly | 2 (10.5%) | 8 (2.1%) | |
| Disproportionate | 2 (10.5%) | 4 (1.0%) | 1.1 (0.3–4.1) |
| Proportionate | 0 | 4 | 5.1 (1.2–22.5) |
| Preterm | 1 (5.3%) | 48 (12.3%) | 10.3 (2.0–52.6) |
Categories are not mutually exclusive. Microcephaly was defined as infants with head circumference z-scores of < − 2 at birth. Severe microcephaly was defined as head circumference z-score of < − 3 at birth. Proportionate microcephaly was defined as infants with both head circumference and birth weight z-scores of < − 2 at birth and disproportionate microcephaly as head circumference z-score of < − 2 with birth weight z-score of > − 2.
SGA small for gestational age (birth weight < 10th percentile for sex and gestational age or < − 1.28 z-scores), LBW low birth weight (birth weight < 2,500 g). Babies who had a positive ZIKV PCR within 10 days of birth were considered to be positive for this analysis.