Table 2.
Multilevel Random Effects Linear Regression Analysis for Association of Retirement (Defined by Three Splines) and Mental Health
| Model 1: Basic Coef. [95% CI] | |
|---|---|
| Change per year (slope) | |
| Before retirement (−21; −1 y) | −0.070*** [−0.080, −0.059] |
| After retirement short term (0;3 y) | −0.253*** [−0.302, −0.205] |
| After retirement long term (4+ y) | 0.017 [−0.001, 0.035] |
| Psychosocial job demands | 0.044*** [0.037, 0.050] |
| Work social support | −0.037*** [−0.044, −0.031] |
| Skill discretion | −0.032*** [−0.040, −0.024] |
| Decision authority | −0.007 [−0.014, 0.001] |
| Women | 0.727*** [0.520, 0.935] |
| Partnership status (ref.: married/cohabiting) | |
| Single | 0.109 [−0.134, 0.352] |
| Divorced | 0.663*** [0.410, 0.915] |
| Widowed | 1.068*** [0.786, 1.351] |
| Year of birth | 0.003 [−0.013, 0.019] |
| Occupational grade level (ref.: Administrative) | |
| Professional/Executive | 0.070 [−0.102, 0.242] |
| Clerical/support | −0.273 [−0.568, 0.022] |
| Left civil service | 0.175 [−0.044, 0.394] |
| Depression medication intake (no) | −1.685*** [−2.017, −1.354] |
| Chronic illness (no) | −0.377*** [−0.540, −0.215] |
| Smoking status (ref.: never) | |
| Ex-smoker | −0.088 [−0.255, 0.079] |
| Current smoker | 0.161 [−0.086, 0.408] |
| Alcohol dependency (no) | −0.876*** [−1.074, −0.678] |
| Body mass index (ref.: Normal or underweight; BMI <25) | |
| Overweight (BMI 25–30) | −0.085 [−0.213, 0.044] |
| Obese (BMI 30+) | 0.002 [−0.201, 0.204] |
| Age left work | −0.018 [−0.042,0.007] |
| Constant | 4.470 [−26.893,35.832] |
| N (observations) | 38,968 |
| N (participants) | 4,751 |
| AICa | 225916.9 |
| BICb | 226156.8 |
aAkaike Information Criterion (AIC). bBayesian Information Criterion (BIC).
*p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.