Table 1. Baseline characteristics of patients.
| Variable | All | Control | Tamoxifen | Aromatase inhibitor | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 911) | (N = 296) | (N = 416) | (N = 199) | ||
| Age (year) | 50.13 ± 10.32 | 49.78 ± 10.60 | 46.87 ± 9.43 | 57.46 ± 7.68 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index kg/m2) | 24.17 ± 3.62 | 24.18 ± 3.78 | 23.67 ± 3.32 | 25.22 ± 3.76 | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 70 (7.68%) | 21 (7.09%) | 24 (5.77%) | 25 (12.56%) | 0.011 |
| Hypertension | 176 (19.32%) | 49 (16.55%) | 72 (17.31%) | 55 (27.64%) | 0.003 |
| Treatment duration (month) | 49.04 ± 21.85 | 50.88 ± 30.87 | 50.00 ± 17.07 | 44.30 ± 11.55 | 0.005 |
| Cancer-related factor | |||||
| Stage | <0.001 | ||||
| 0 | 71 (7.79%) | 19 (6.42%) | 49 (11.78%) | 3 (1.51%) | |
| 1 | 386 (42.37%) | 129 (43.58%) | 160 (38.46%) | 97 (48.74%) | |
| 2 | 372 (40.83%) | 120 (40.54%) | 167 (40.14%) | 85 (42.71%) | |
| 3 | 74 (8.12%) | 22 (7.43%) | 38 (9.13%) | 14 (7.04%) | |
| 4 | 8 (0.88%) | 6 (2.03%) | 2 (0.48%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Pathology | 0.007 | ||||
| Invasive ductal carcinoma | 757 (83.10%) | 248 (83.78%) | 332 (79.81%) | 177 (88.94%) | |
| Ductal carcinoma in situ | 73 (8.01%) | 22 (7.43%) | 48 (11.54%) | 3 (1.51%) | |
| Mucinous carcinoma | 24 (2.63%) | 4 (1.35%) | 12 (2.88%) | 8 (4.02%) | |
| Infiltrating lobular carcinoma | 27 (2.96%) | 9 (3.04%) | 12 (2.88%) | 6 (3.02%) | |
| Intraductal papilloma | 13 (1.43%) | 2 (0.68%) | 6 (1.44%) | 5 (2.51%) | |
| Tubular carcinoma | 2 (0.22%) | 1 (0.34%) | 1 (0.24%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Apocrine carcinoma | 2 (0.22%) | 1 (0.34%) | 1 (0.24%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Squamous carcinoma | 2 (0.22%) | 1 (0.34%) | 1 (0.24%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Medullary carcinoma | 5 (0.55%) | 3 (1.01%) | 2 (0.48%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Others | 6 (0.66%) | 5 (1.69%) | 1 (0.24%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Lymph node metastasis | 284 (31.17%) | 107 (36.15%) | 115 (27.64%) | 62 (31.16%) | 0.054 |
| ER (Intermediate or High) | 614 (67.70%) | 108 (36.49%) | 328 (79.61%) | 178 (89.45%) | <0.001 |
| PR (Intermediate or High) | 555 (61.19%) | 102 (34.46%) | 313 (75.97%) | 140 (70.35%) | <0.001 |
| HER2 (Intermediate or High) | 340 (37.32%) | 83 (28.04%) | 167 (40.14%) | 90 (45.23%) | <0.001 |
| p53 | 328 (41.41%) | 121 (49.79%) | 152 (41.30%) | 55 (30.39%) | <0.001 |
| Ki67 (≥ 40%) | 124 (15.31%) | 77 (29.96%) | 31 (8.36%) | 16 (8.79%) | <0.001 |
| Laboratory test | |||||
| FSH (IU/L) | 37.38 ± 30.15 | 30.37 ± 29.13 | 34.34 ± 29.78 | 55.55 ± 25.18 | <0.001 |
| Platelet (103 mm3) | 238.66 ± 72.70 | 247.55 ± 66.89 | 231.54 ± 74.33 | 240.35 ± 76.27 | 0.007 |
| AST (U/L) | 23.85 ± 13.53 | 21.28 ± 9.07 | 25.60 ± 15.42 | 24.03 ± 14.28 | <0.001 |
| ALT (U/L) | 22.17 ± 16.86 | 19.35 ± 15.97 | 23.93 ± 18.43 | 22.67 ± 13.98 | <0.001 |
| Serum albumin (mg/dL) | 4.20 ± 0.45 | 4.36 ± 0.45 | 4.11 ± 0.43 | 4.14 ± 0.43 | <0.001 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.59 ± 0.33 | 0.65 ± 0.42 | 0.55 ± 0.25 | 0.58 ± 0.31 | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 185.16 ± 35.97 | 185.90 ± 36.59 | 181.12 ± 33.83 | 192.48 ± 38.28 | 0.118 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 132.95 ± 96.18 | 146.31 ± 110.62 | 124.34 ± 91.42 | 133.36 ± 82.19 | 0.060 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 53.40 ± 13.41 | 52.29 ± 13.02 | 55.45 ± 13.92 | 51.18 ± 12.51 | 0.002 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 107.32 ± 32.39 | 107.98 ± 31.99 | 104.32 ± 30.80 | 112.13 ± 35.42 | 0.096 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) | 110.07 ± 28.42 | 106.83 ± 24.72 | 109.74 ± 28.28 | 115.60 ± 32.83 | 0.001 |
computed by one-way ANOVA for continuous variables and chi-squares test for categorical variables.
Abbreviations: ER, estrogen receptor; PR, progesterone receptor; HER2, Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; FSH, follicle stimulating hormone; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NFS, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score; FIB-4, fibrosis-4; CT, computed tomography.