TABLE 1. Characteristics of symptomatic outpatients with SARS-CoV-2 real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)—positive test results (N = 270)* who reported returning to usual state of health or not returning to usual state of health at an interview conducted 14–21 days after testing — 14 academic health care systems,† United States, March–June 2020.
| Characteristic | Total | Returned to usual health, no. (row %) |
P-value§ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n = 175) | No (n = 95) | |||
|
Sex
|
0.14 |
|||
| Women |
140
|
85 (61) |
55 (39) |
|
| Men |
130
|
90 (69) |
40 (31) |
|
|
Age group (yrs)
|
0.010 |
|||
| 18–34 |
85
|
63 (74) |
22 (26) |
|
| 35–49 |
96
|
65 (68) |
31 (32) |
|
| ≥50 |
89
|
47 (53) |
42 (47) |
|
|
Race/Ethnicity
|
0.29 |
|||
| White, non-Hispanic |
94
|
58 (62) |
36 (38) |
|
| Black, non-Hispanic |
46
|
26 (57) |
20 (43) |
|
| Other race, non-Hispanic |
32
|
24 (75) |
8 (25) |
|
| Hispanic |
98
|
67 (68) |
31 (32) |
|
|
Insurance (14 missing)
|
0.69 |
|||
| No |
46
|
31 (67) |
15 (33) |
|
| Yes |
210
|
135 (64) |
75 (36) |
|
|
No. of medical conditions (7 missing)
|
0.003 |
|||
| 0 |
123
|
87 (71) |
36 (29) |
|
| 1 |
57
|
41 (72) |
16 (28) |
|
| 2 |
39
|
21 (54) |
18 (46) |
|
| ≥3 |
44
|
19 (43) |
25 (57) |
|
|
Individual medical conditions (7 missing all)
¶
| ||||
| Hypertension |
64
|
33 (52) |
31 (48) |
0.018 |
| Obesity (body mass index >30 kg/m2) |
51
|
23 (45) |
28 (55) |
0.002 |
| Psychiatric condition |
49
|
23 (47) |
26 (53) |
0.007 |
| Asthma |
36
|
23 (64) |
13 (36) |
0.99 |
| Diabetes |
28
|
16 (57) |
12 (43) |
0.43 |
| Immunosuppressive condition |
15
|
6 (40) |
9 (60) |
0.047 |
| Autoimmune condition |
13
|
7 (54) |
6 (46) |
0.44 |
| Blood disorder |
8
|
4 (50) |
4 (50) |
0.47 |
| Chronic kidney disease |
7
|
3 (43) |
4 (57) |
0.26 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
7
|
4 (57) |
3 (43) |
0.71 |
| Liver disease |
6
|
4 (67) |
2 (33) |
1.00 |
| Neurologic condition |
6
|
3 (50) |
3 (50) |
0.48 |
| Coronary artery disease |
4
|
3 (75) |
1 (25) |
1.00 |
| Congestive heart failure | 2 | 2 (100) | 0 (0) | 0.54 |
* 294 patients responded to an interview 2–3 weeks after testing, did not report a previous positive SARS-CoV-2 test before the reference test, and answered questions about symptoms. Of these, 276 (94%) reported one or more symptoms at the time of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing, with 272 (99%) reporting whether they had returned to their usual state of health by the time of the interview. Two additional patients excluded who were called at 7 days, with 270 included here.
† Patients were randomly sampled from fourteen academic healthcare systems in 13 states (University of Washington [Washington], Oregon Health and Sciences University [Oregon], University of California Los Angeles and Stanford University [California], Hennepin County Medical Center [Minnesota], Vanderbilt University [Tennessee], Ohio State University [Ohio], Wake Forest University [North Carolina], Montefiore Medical Center [New York], Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Baystate Medical Center [Massachusetts], Intermountain Healthcare [Utah/Idaho], University of Colorado Hospital [Colorado], and Johns Hopkins University [Maryland]).
§ Respondents who reported returning to usual health and respondents who reported not returning to usual health were compared using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test.
¶ Excluding seven (3%) patients who did not answer questions about chronic underlying medical conditions; for those who answered questions about underlying conditions, some respondents were missing data on obesity (two), neurologic conditions (one), and psychiatric conditions (one).