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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Apr 24.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Res. 2020 Apr 23;126(9):1209–1227. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.119.315939

Figure 1. Canonical intracellular immunometabolism in macrophages.

Figure 1.

A. Changes in metabolic pathways in macrophages stimulated by LPS, as an example of the changes described in a classically activated inflammatory macrophage. The enhanced glycolysis and TCA cycle blocks in LPS-stimulated macrophages serve both to promote a maximal inflammatory response as well as to terminate the inflammatory response at later times. B. Changes in metabolic pathways in macrophages stimulated by IL-4, as an example of an alternatively activated tissue healing macrophage. These macrophages rely more heavily on fatty acid oxidation (FAO) as compared with glycolysis. Elevated metabolites and processes are highlighted in light green. Suppressed processes are highlighted in dark red. TCA cycle blocks are indicated by red intersecting double lines. (Illustration Credit: Ben Smith)