Table 1.

LncRNAs associated with ATC

Author/year	LncRNA	Chromosomal location	Sample		Expression	Summary of findings	Refs.
			Cell line/tumor tissue
Kim/2016	LOC100507661	3q26.2	C643 8505C	–	Up	↑ Cell proliferation, migration, and invasiona	[11]
Gu/2017	GAS5	1q25.1	–	33	Down	↑ Cell cycle progression and proliferation probably by upregulating of CDK6 ↓ Survival rateb Poor prognosis	[12]
Zhang/2019	H19	11p15.5	8505C SW1736 KAT18 CAL62	19	Up	↑ Proliferation, migration, and invasion ↓ Apoptosis	[13]
Wang/2018	UCA1	19p13.12	SW1736 KAT18	8	Up	↑ cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion via binding to miR-135a and regulation of c-myc expression	[14]
Wang/2019	HOTAIRM1	7p15.2	–	10	Up	↑ HOTAIRM1 expression during thyroid cancer development and progression	[15]
Wang/2019	PCA3	9q21.2	–	10	Up	↑ PCA3 expression during thyroid cancer development and progression	[15]
Chen/2019	HCP5	6p21.33	SW1736 8305C ARO FRO	19	Up	↑ Cell viability and ↓ Apoptosis by regulating the expression of miR-128-3p	[16]
Credendino/2019	KLHL14-AS (Klhl14)c	18q12.1	8505C CAL62	9	Down	↑ Cell viability and ↓ Cpoptosis and differentiation by binding to miR-182-5p and miR-20a-5p and regulation of BCL2 and PAX8 expression	[17]
Du/2018	Linc00210	1q41	8505C	N/A	Up	↑ Proliferation, migration, and invasion via binding to miR‐195‐5p and upregulation of IGF1R expression	[18]
Hou/2018	TNRC6C-AS1	17q25.3	ARO Hth74	N/A	Up	↑ Proliferation, migration, and invasion via binding to miR‐129‐5p and upregulation of UNC5B expression	[19]
Li/2017	AK139328	N/A	8505C	N/A	Up	↑ Cell viability, invasion, and cell cycle progression	[20]
Song/2017	LINC00312	3p25.3	8505C	13	Down	↑ Proliferation, invasion, and migration by regulating of miR-197-3p expression and its target p120	[21]
Min/2018			8505C	N/A	Down	↑ Proliferation and invasion by suppressing PI3K/AKT signaling pathway	[22]
Liu/2018	XIST	Xq13.2	SW1736 KAT18	–	Up	↑ Proliferation through binding to miR-34a and upregulation of MET expression ↑ MET/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway	[23]
Chen/2019	SNHG7	9q34.3	CAL62	N/A	Up	↑ Proliferation and cell cycle progression	[24]
Liu/2018	SNHG15	7p13	8505C	N/A	Down	↑ Proliferation, migration, and invasion via upregulating miR-510-5p	[25]
Han/2019	ZFAS1	20q13.13	CAL62	20	Up	↑ Proliferation and cell cycle progression	[26]
Qin/2019	MIR22HG	17p13.3	–	11	Down	↓ MIR22HG is correlated to higher age, lymph node metastasis, and advanced TNM stages ↑ MIR22HG expression is associated with longer overall and disease-free survival time in thyroid cancer patients.	[27]
Xiong/2017	CASC2	10q26.11	8505C CAL62 HTH-83	N/A	Down	?↓ CASC2 expression is correlated with multifocality and advanced TNM stages ↑ CASC2 expression decreases the proliferation and arrests cell cycle at G0/G1	[28]
Yan/2019	NEAT1	11q13.1	8505C SW1736	26	Up	↓ Cisplatin-resistance through regulating of miR-9-5p/SPAG9 axis	[29]
LncRNAs related to CSCs propertiesd
Hardin/2018	ROR	18q21.31	THJ-16T	–	Up	↑ CSC properties probably by modulating of OCT4, SOX2, and Nanog expression ↑ ROR expression in CSC clones of ATC line THJ-16T compared to the parental line ↑ Stem cell marker SOX2 and EMT marker SLUG	[30]
Zhou/2016	PVT1	8q24.21	8505C	7	Up	↑ Cell cycle progression and proliferation by modulating of cyclin D1 and TSHR expression and also EZH2 recruitment	[31]
Hardin/2018			THJ-16T	–	Down	↓ PVT1 expression in CSC clones of ATC line THJ-16T compared to the parental line ↑ Stem cell marker SOX2 and EMT marker SLUG	[30]
Hardin/2018	HOTAIR	12q13.13	THJ-16T	–	Down	↓ HOTAIR expression in CSC clones of ATC line THJ-16T compared to the parental line ↑ Stem cell marker SOX2 and EMT marker SLUG	[30]
Huang/2016			SW1736 KAT18	–	UP	↑ Proliferation and invasion via upregulating of IQGAP1 expression	[32]
Zhang/2017			–	35	Down	↓ MALAT1 expression in ATC tissue samples	[33]
Samimi/2019	MALAT1	11q13.1	SW1736 C643	–	Up	↑ Mcl1 and cyclin D1 expression ↓ miR-363-3p expression	[34]
Gou/2019			SW1736 8505C	–	Up	↑ Proliferation, migration, and invasion ↓ Apoptosis and autophagy via binding to miR‐200a‐3p and upregulation of FOXA1 expression	[35]
Hardin/2018			THJ-16T	–	Up	↑ MALAT1 expression in CSC clones of ATC cell line compared to the parental line ↑ Stem cell marker SOX2 and EMT marker SLUG	[30]
Liu/2017	BANCR	9q21.12	8505C	–	Up	↑ Cell growth, colony formation ability, and cell cycle progression via regulating of BANCR/TSHR/CCND1 signaling pathway	[36]
Liu/2019	FOXD2-AS1	1p33	8305C CAL62 BHT101	10	Up	↑ FOXD2-AS1 expression in cell lines and tissues FOXD2-AS1 acts as a ceRNA for miR-7-5p and upregulates TERT expression, which increases the CSCs properties in thyroid cancer cells	[37]
Wang/2018	PTCSC3	14q13.3	8505C	20	Down	↑ CSC properties by upregulating of STAT3, INO80, CD133, and ALDH1 ↑ Drug resistance by upregulating of MDR-1 via STAT3/INO80 pathway	[38]
Fan/2013			8505C	–	Down	↓ Apoptosis ↑ Cell growth and cell cycle progression probably by modulating of miR-574-5p	[39]
Lu/2018	MANCR	10p15.1	BHT101	–	Up	↓ Apoptosis ↑ Proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle progression G0 to G1, and EMT by modulating E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and β-catenin expression	[40]
Pellecchia/2020	PAR5	15q11.2	8505C ACT1 FB-1 FRO	9	Down	↑ Proliferation, colony formation, and EMT through regulating EZH2 recruitment and E-cadherin expression	[41]
Lei/2017	TUG1	22q12.2	SW1736 KAT18	N/A	Up	↑ Proliferation, colony formation, invasion, migration, and EMT through regulating miR-145/ZEB1 signaling pathway	[42]

AKT, AKT serine/threonine kinase; ALDH1, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1; BANCR, BRAF-activated non-protein coding RNA; BCL2, BCL2 apoptosis regulator; CASC2, cancer susceptibility candidate 2; CCND1, cyclin D1; CDK6, cycling-dependent kinase 6; ceRNA, competing endogenous RNA; c-myc, avian myeocytomatosis virus oncogene cellular homolog; CSC, cancer stem cell; EMT, epithelial to mesenchymal transition; EZH2, enhancer of zeste homolog 2; FOXA1, forkhead box protein A1; FOXD2-AS1, FOXD2 adjacent opposite strand RNA 1; GAS5, growth arrest special 5; HCP5, HLA complex P5; HOTAIR, HOX transcript antisense RNA; HOTAIRM1, hox antisense intergenic RNA myeloid 1; IGF1R, insulin like growth factor 1 receptor; INO80, INO80 complex ATPase subunit; IQGAP1, Ras GTPase-activating-like protein; Klhl14, kelch like family member 14; Linc00210, long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 210; LINC00312, long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 312; LncRNA, long noncoding RNA, MALAT1: metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1; MANCR, mitotically associated long non coding RNA; Mcl1, myeloid cell leukemia 1; MDR-1, multidrug resistance protein 1; MET, MET protooncogene; miR, microRNA; MIR22HG, MIR22 host gene; NEAT1, nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1; OCT4, octamer-binding transcription factor 4; PAR5, Prader Wili/Angelman region RNA 5; PAX8, paired box 1; PCA3, prostate cancer antigen 3; PI3K, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinas; PTCSC3, papillary thyroid carcinoma susceptibility candidate 3; PVT1, plasmacytoma variant translocation 1; ROR, regulator of reprogramming; SNHG15, small nucleolar RNA host gene 15; SNHG7, small nucleolar RNA host gene 7; SOX2, SRY-box transcription factor 2; SPAG9, sperm associated antigene 9; STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; TNM, tumor-node-metastasis; TNRC6C-AS1, TNRC6C antisense RNA 1; TUG1, taurine up-regulated gene 1; UCA1, urothelial carcinoma-associated 1; UNC5B, unc-5 netrin receptor B; XIST, X inactive specific transcript; ZEB1, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1; ZFAS1, ZNFX1 antisense RNA 1

^a↑ Increase

^b↓ Decrease

^c In GeneCards database is named Klhl14

^dBased on the criteria defined in the text