Figure 6.

Summary diagram synthesizing the findings. Results from our ultrastructural, light microscopic and protein studies have shown very discrete changes in schizophrenia. In the anterior cingulate, decreases in excitatory and inhibitory synapses, and layer specific changes in mitochondrial density occur. In the caudate, putamen and nucleus accumbens increases in the number of excitatory synapses as well as levels of vGLUT2 were present in specific compartments. The substantia nigra showed an increase in vGLUT2 protein, a decrease in number of inhibitory synapses and an altered relationship between GABA and glutamate.