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Mechanisms underlying our results. Astaxanthin (Ax) decreased the severity of experimental steatohepatitis via mechanisms likely to involve the up‐regulation of FGF21/PGC‐1α. Treatment with astaxanthin substantially ameliorated mitochondrial biogenesis and functionality by restoring the OXPHOS complexes and ATP levels, which reduced ROS production and increased the mtDNA copy number. Thus, astaxanthin alleviated inflammation, cell apoptosis and fibrosis induced by lipid overload
