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. 2020 Jul 24;11:718. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00718

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Copyright © 2020 Flores-Concha and Oñate.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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LncRNAs interact with molecular complexes that regulate the expression of genes associated with the immune response. (A) Lethe and LincRNA-Cox2 can interact with NF-κB in the cytoplasm and control its translocation to the nucleus. (B) In the nucleus, Lethe modulates inflammation by sequestering p65 from NF-κB. PACER interacts with p50 decreasing the formation of homodimers and favoring the heterodimerization of NF-κB. (C) In dendritic cells, lnc-DC prevents STAT3 dephosphorylation, promoting its translocation to the nucleus and the expression of genes related to cell differentiation and activation status. (D) In lymphocytes NRON interacts with NFAT to prevent its transit to the nucleus, decreasing the expression of IL-2. (E) The co-regulation of the expression of distant immune genes grouped in the same TAD is mediated by IPL (for example, UMLILO). IPL expression recruits WDR5/MLL histone methyltransferase complex, promoting the epigenetic priming of immune genes contained in TAD. (F) LncRNAs can also interact with hnRNP complexes, chromatin remodeling complexes and histone deacetylases to modulate genome accessibility and control gene expression related to the immune response.