Table 2.
The associations between different mental health outcomes and risky factors (N = 6213).
Variables | Model of anxiety | Model of depression | Model of hostility | Model of PTSD | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |
Socio-demographics and clinical characteristics | ||||||||||||||||
Age | −0.020 | −0.019 | −0.028** | −0.025** | −0.002 | −0.001 | −0.014 | −0.011 | −0.067*** | −0.066*** | −0.074*** | −0.068*** | 0.019 | 0.021 | 0.009 | 0.013 |
Sex (men) | −0.060*** | −0.031** | −0.031** | −0.032** | −0.031** | −0.007 | −0.006 | −0.006 | −0.027* | −0.007 | −0.006 | −0.007 | −0.095*** | −0.064*** | −0.057*** | −0.058*** |
Residence place (urban) | 0.014 | 0.018 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.032* | 0.035** | 0.016 | 0.015 | 0.021 | 0.022 | 0.008 | 0.006 | 0.009 | 0.009 | −0.003 | −0.006 |
Annul family income (≥150,000) | −0.034** | −0.018 | −0.008 | −0.006 | −0.041** | −0.024* | −0.013 | −0.012 | −0.010 | 0.001 | 0.007 | 0.010 | −0.029* | −0.017 | −0.007 | −0.006 |
Marital status (married) | −0.017 | −0.019 | 0.001 | 0.001 | −0.034** | −0.034** | −0.013 | −0.012 | −0.001 | −0.001 | 0.017 | 0.018 | 0.009 | 0.005 | 0.016 | 0.016 |
Educational level (college or higher) | −0.002 | −0.008 | −0.013 | −0.015 | −0.003 | −0.010 | −0.016 | −0.018 | 0.018 | 0.011 | 0.006 | −0.002 | 0.016 | 0.005 | 0.001 | −0.003 |
Employment status (yes) | −0.087*** | −0.060*** | −0.032** | −0.030** | −0.109*** | −0.083*** | −0.049*** | −0.048*** | −0.066*** | −0.047*** | −0.024 | −0.021 | −0.036* | −0.013 | 0.007 | 0.011 |
History of mental disorder (yes) | 0.145*** | 0.111*** | 0.053*** | 0.050*** | 0.143*** | 0.111*** | 0.043*** | 0.040*** | 0.135*** | 0.111*** | 0.059*** | 0.051*** | 0.153*** | 0.119*** | 0.069*** | 0.065*** |
Excessive alcohol intake (yes) | 0.083*** | 0.067*** | 0.041*** | 0.038*** | 0.068*** | 0.052*** | 0.021* | 0.019* | 0.117*** | 0.105*** | 0.081*** | 0.074*** | 0.107*** | 0.087*** | 0.063*** | 0.060*** |
Time since diagnosis | −0.054*** | −0.023 | −0.015 | −0.023* | −0.059*** | −0.030* | −0.019*** | −0.024** | 0.006 | 0.027** | 0.033** | 0.018 | 0.014* | 0.040*** | 0.046*** | 0.035*** |
Received treatment (yes) | −0.072*** | −0.052*** | −0.047*** | −0.048*** | −0.037** | −0.015 | −0.008 | −0.008 | 0.015 | 0.001 | −0.001 | 0.001 | −0.015 | −0.001 | −0.002 | −0.002 |
COVID-19-related risks | ||||||||||||||||
Frequency of worrying about disease management due to COVID-19 | 0.245*** | 0.104*** | 0.103*** | 0.235*** | 0.064*** | 0.063*** | 0.160*** | 0.035* | 0.033* | 0.169*** | 0.054*** | 0.052*** | ||||
Frequency of receiving COVID-19 information (any sources) | −0.038** | −0.029** | −0.027** | −0.022 | −0.011 | −0.010 | −0.005 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.012 | 0.020* | 0.021* | ||||
Barriers to manage cancer caused by COVID-19 | 0.039* | 0.003 | 0.004 | 0.049** | 0.006 | 0.006 | 0.049* | 0.016 | 0.018 | 0.052** | 0.024 | 0.026 | ||||
Barriers to continue cancer treatment caused by COVID-19 | 0.050** | 0.017 | 0.015 | 0.085*** | 0.045*** | 0.043** | 0.030 | 0.003 | −0.002 | 0.041* | 0.019 | 0.016 | ||||
Increasing psychological pressure caused by COVID-19 | 0.263*** | 0.160*** | 0.150*** | 0.223*** | 0.102*** | 0.095*** | 0.189*** | 0.094*** | 0.076*** | 0.319*** | 0.234*** | 0.221*** | ||||
Psychosomatics factors | ||||||||||||||||
The level of fatigue | 0.262*** | 0.251*** | 0.300*** | 0.292*** | 0.288*** | 0.265*** | 0.198*** | 0.184*** | ||||||||
The level of pain | 0.066*** | 0.069*** | 0.111*** | 0.113*** | 0.047** | 0.051*** | 0.055*** | 0.059*** | ||||||||
Satisfied with physical health | −0.052*** | −0.049*** | −0.072*** | −0.071*** | −0.010 | −0.008 | 0.004 | 0.008 | ||||||||
Quality of life | −0.155*** | −0.133*** | −0.155*** | −0.140*** | −0.121*** | −0.075*** | −0.076*** | −0.047*** | ||||||||
Sleep quality | −0.164*** | −0.158*** | −0.207*** | −0.203*** | −0.152*** | −0.140*** | −0.259*** | −0.251*** | ||||||||
Support | ||||||||||||||||
Social support | −0.003 | 0.002 | 0.006 | 0.002 | ||||||||||||
Relationships with friends | −0.025* | −0.007 | −0.005 | −0.062*** | ||||||||||||
Relationships with family members | −0.068*** | −0.062*** | −0.203*** | −0.068*** | ||||||||||||
AdjustR2 | 0.054*** | 0.277*** | 0.479*** | 0.485*** | 0.049*** | 0.261*** | 0.553*** | 0.556*** | 0.044*** | 0.159*** | 0.331*** | 0.364*** | 0.046*** | 0.270*** | 0.428*** | 0.437*** |
PTSD post-traumatic stress disorder.
*p < 0.05.
**p < 0.01.
***p < 0.001.