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. 2020 Jul 24;7:116. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00116

Table 1.

Baseline clinical characteristics in CTO patients of each therapeutic group.

Variable MT (A) PCI (B) CABG (C) P-value
(n = 800) (n = 734) (n = 121) Overall B vs. A C vs. A C vs. B
Age, years 64.8 ± 10.7 63.2 ± 9.7 63.0 ± 9.4 0.001 <0.001 0.046 0.995
Male, % 623 (77.9) 572 (77.9) 97 (80.2) 0.845 0.980 0.570 0.581
Smoking, % 326 (40.8) 309 (42.1) 48 (39.7) 0.809 0.592 0.822 0.616
Hypertension, % 548 (68.5) 482 (65.7) 75 (62.0) 0.480 0.255 0.153 0.431
Diabetes mellitus, % 290 (36.3) 252 (34.3) 50 (41.3) 0.350 0.307 0.281 0.136
Dyslipidemia, % 577 (72.1) 536 (73.0) 97 (80.2) 0.263 0.388 0.104 0.235
TC, (m mol/L) 4.64 ± 1.28 4.50 ± 1.34 4.61 ± 1.30 0.029 0.009 0.672 0.320
TG, (m mol/L) 1.6 (1.1–2.4) 1.5 (1.1–2.4) 1.7 (1.2–2.3) 0.632 0.856 0.363 0.309
HDL-C, (m mol/L) 1.24 ± 0.38 1.29 ± 0.69 1.19 ± 0.33 <0.001 0.049 0.095 0.046
LDL-C, (m mol/L) 2.77 ± 0.87 2.58 ± 0.94 2.75 ± 0.92 <0.001 <0.001 0.944 0.175
Familial history of CAD, % 93 (11.6) 96 (14.1) 28 (23.1) 0.002 0.387 <0.001 0.004
Previous MI, % 406 (50.8) 320 (43.6) 58 (47.9) 0.020 0.005 0.564 0.373
Previous PCI, % 78 (9.8) 105 (14.3) 14 (11.6) 0.023 0.006 0.534 0.421
CKD, % 83 (10.3) 51 (6.9) 8 (6.6) 0.041 0.018 0.196 0.892
LVEF, % 51.7 ± 9.6 54.1 ± 8.1 51.7 ± 9.6 <0.001 <0.001 0.856 0.009

CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CAD, coronary artery disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CTO, chronic total occlusion; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MI, myocardial infarction; MT, medical therapy; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; TC, total cholesterol; TG, total triglyceride.