Table 2.
Diagnosis and treatment outcomes by baseline LAM status among patients not on anti-TB treatment at study entry (n = 468)
| All patients (n = 468) |
LAM positive (n = 38) |
LAM Negative/TB diagnosis (n = 111) |
LAM Negative/No TB diagnosis (n = 319) |
P-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tuberculosis diagnoses within one year of ART | |||||
| TB diagnosis (microbiological or clinical) | |||||
| Yes | 140 (29.9) | 29 (76.3) | 111 (100) | 0 | < 0.001 |
| No | 328 (70.1) | 9 (23.7) | 0 | 319 (100) | |
| Time to TB diagnosis (median [IQR] in days; microbiological or clinical)a | 14 (2–36) | 5 (0–13) | 16 (3–45) | – | 0.005 |
| TB diagnosis (microbiologically-proven only) | |||||
| Yes | 79 (16.9) | 15 (39.5) | 64 (57.7) | 0 | 0.053 |
| No | 389 (83.1) | 23 (60.5) | 47 (42.3) | 319 (100) | |
| Time to TB diagnosis (median [IQR] in days; microbiologically-proven only)b | 15 (3–36) | 5 (2–13) | 21 (3–41) | – | 0.025 |
| TB diagnosis (clinical only) | |||||
| Yes | 61 (13.0) | 14 (36.8) | 47 (42.3) | 0 | 0.55 |
| No | 407 (87.0) | 24 (63.2) | 64 (57.7) | 319 (100) | |
| Time to TB diagnosis (median [IQR] in days; clinical only)c | 14 (0–36) | 4 (0–18) | 15 (1–70) | – | 0.10 |
| TB and HIV treatment | |||||
| Started TB treatment (within one year of study entry among all patients) | |||||
| Yes# | 134 (28.6) | 25 (65.8) | 109 (98.2) | 0 | < 0.001 |
| No | 334 (71.6) | 13 (34.2) | 2 (1.8) | 319 (100) | |
| Time to initiation of TB treatment (median [IQR] in days)d | 17 (5–42) | 7 (1–14) | 23 (7–51) | – | 0.001 |
| TB treatment outcomes (among those starting within one year of study entry)d | |||||
| Completed | 94 (70.7) | 16 (64.0) | 78 (72.2) | – | 0.53 |
| Did not complete | 9 (6.8) | 1 (4.0) | 8 (7.4) | – | |
| Died on therapy | 19 (14.3) | 6 (24.0) | 13 (12.0) | ||
| Unknown | 11 (8.3) | 2 (8.0) | 9 (8.3) | – | |
| Started ART (within one year of study entry)e | |||||
| Yes | 430 (91.9) | 27 (71.1) | 105 (94.6) | 298 (93.4) | < 0.001 |
| No | 38 (8.1) | 11 (29.0) | 6 (5.4) | 21 (6.6) | |
| Time to initiation of ART (median [IQR] in days)e | 15 (11–25) | 23 (14–32) | 21 (14–35) | 14 (9–22) | < 0.001 |
| ART status within one year of study entry (among those who started)e | |||||
| On ART, no switch, did not default | 344 (80.0) | 22 (81.5) | 85 (81.0) | 237 (79.5) | 0.95 |
| On ART, switched | 32 (7.4) | 3 (11.1) | 8 (7.6) | 21 (7.1) | |
| Off ART, defaulted | 50 (11.6) | 2 (7.4) | 11 (10.5) | 37 (12.4) | |
| Unknown | 4 (0.9) | 0 | 1 (1.0) | 3 (1.0) | |
*In analyses restricted to among patients with microbiologically-confirmed TB (n = 79), p-values reference the comparison between LAM positive patients and LAM negative, TB-positive patients only
Abbreviations: ART antiretroviral therapy, TB tuberculosis
an = 140; bn = 79;cn = 61;dn = 133en = 430
#6 patients with a TB diagnosis within one year of study entry were not known to have started TB therapy, 3 patients had unknown TB treatment status (1 LAM positive), 3 patients died prior to starting TB therapy (3 LAM positive)