Table 1.

Test Characteristics of the Nu-DESC and DOS in general wards

Instrument	Authors	n	Setting	Cut-Off	Sensitivity	Specificity	PPV	NPV
Nu-DESC	Gaudreau et al. 2005 [31]	146	Hemato-oncology, Internal medicine	≥2	0.86	0.87	no data	no data
Nu-DESC	Leung et al. 2008 [32]	100	Geriatric rehabilitation	≥1	0.96	0.79	no data	no data
Nu-DESC	Hargrave et al. 2017 [33]	405	Neurology, Neurosurgery, General medicine, General or orthopaedic surgery	≥1	0.67	0.93	0.74	0.92
Nu-DESC	Spedale et al. 2017 [34]	101	Nephrology, (Ortho)-Geriatrics, Neurology, Cardiology, Pulmonology	≥2	0.64	1.00	0.36	1.00
DOS	Van Gemert & Schuurmans et al. 2007 [35]	86	General medical and surgical	≥3	0.89	0.88	0.47	0.99
DOS	Detroyer et al. 2014 [36]	45	Palliative care	≥3	0.82	0.96	0.69	0.98
DOS	Gavinski et al. 2016 [37]	54	General medical	≥3	0.90	0.91	0.53	0.99
DOS	Hasemann et al. 2018 [26]	104	General medical	≥3	0.56	0.92	0.73	0.83

DOS Delirium Observation Screening Scale, NPV negative predictive value, Nu-DESC Nursing Delirium Screening Scale, PPV positive predictive value