Table 1.
Representative mammalian coronaviruses and their dominant cell receptors or attachment factors
| Virus | Abbreviation | Cell receptor or attachment factor |
|---|---|---|
| Genus: Alphacoronaviruses | ||
| Human coronavirus 229E | HCoV-229E | APN (CD13) |
| Human coronavirus NL63 | HCoV-NL63 | ACE2 |
| Alphacoronavirus 1 species: | ||
| Transmissible gastroenteritis virus | TGEV | APN (CD13) |
| Feline coronavirus type 1 | FCoV-1 | |
| Feline infectious perionitis virus | FIPV | APN (CD13) |
| Canine coronavirus | CCoV | APN (CD13) |
| Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus | PEDV | APN (CD13) |
| Diverse bat coronaviruses | ||
| Genus: Betacoronaviruses | ||
| Human coronavirus HKU1 | HCoV-HKU1 | N-Acetyl-9-O-acetylneuraminic acid (9-O-acetylsialic acid) |
| Betacoronavirus 1 species: | ||
| Human coronavirus OC43 | HCoV-OC43 | N-Acetyl-9-O-acetylneuraminic acid (9-O-acetylsialic acid) |
| Bovine coronavirus | BCoV | N-Acetyl-9-O-acetylneuraminic acid (9-O-acetylsialic acid) |
| Equine coronavirus | EqCoV | 9-O-Acetylsialic acid determinant? |
| Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus | PHEV | 9-O-Acetylsialic acid determinant? |
| Dromedary camel coronavirus HKU23 | DcCoV HKU23 | |
| Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus species: | ||
| Human SARS coronavirus | SARS-CoV | ACE2, also L-SIGN (CD209L) |
| Human SARS coronavirus-2 | SAR-CoV-2 | ACE2 |
| SARS-related Rhinolophus bat coronavirus Rp3 | SARSr-Rh-BatCoV Rp3 | |
| Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus | MERS-CoV | DPP4 (CD26) |
| Murine coronavirus species: | ||
| Mouse hepatitis virus | MHV | CEACAM1, also L-SIGN (CD209L), also 4-O- or 9-O-acetylsialic acid |
| Rat coronavirus | RCoV | |
| Diverse bat coronaviruses | ||
| Genus: Deltacoronaviruses | ||
| Porcine deltacoronavirus | PDCoV | APN (CD13) |
ACE2 angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, APN aminopeptidase N, DPP4 dipeptidyl peptidase 4