Table 2.
Association between demographic and clinical factors with M. tuberculosis genotypes clustering
| Clustering | Univariate | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Level | Unclustered, n = 13 (%) | Clustered, n = 57 (%) | P-value | Odds ratio (95% CI) |
| Demographics | |||||
| Sex | Female | 6 (46%) | 22 (39%) | 0.789 | Referent |
| Male | 7 (54%) | 35 (61%) | 1.36 (0.41–4.49) | ||
| Age groups |
Adults (> 17 y) |
12 (92%) | 53 (93%) | 1.000 | Referent |
|
Children = < 16 y |
1 (8%) | 4 (7%) | 0.91 (0.09–8.85) | ||
| TB/DOTS Facilities | Folang | 0 | 1 (2%) | 0.735 | 1-- |
| Kalafong | 5 (38%) | 21 (37%) | 0.53 (0.05–5.21) | ||
| Mamelodi | 1 (8%) | 9 (7%) | 1.13 (0.06–21.08) | ||
| Potchefstroom | 0 | 4 (7%) | 1-- | ||
| Pretoria West | 1 (8%) | 3 (5%) | 0.38 (0.02–8.10) | ||
| Skinner | 1 (8%) | 1 (2%) | 0.13 (0–4.00) | ||
| Steve Biko | 4 (31%) | 10 (18%) | 0.31 (0.03–3.38) | ||
| Tshwane | 1 (8%) | 8 (14%) | Referent | ||
| Clinicals | |||||
| Any drug resistance | Susceptible | 10 (77%) | 49 (86%) | 0.416 | Referent |
| Resistance | 3 (23%) | 8 (14%) | 0.54 (0.12–2.42) | ||
| INH mono-resistance | Susceptible | 13 (100%) | 52 (91%) | 0.576 | 1-- |
| Resistance | 0 | 5 (9%) | |||
| MDR/RIF* | Susceptible | 10 (77%) | 49 (91%) | 0.179 | Referent |
| Resistance | 3 (23%) | 5 (9%) | 0.34 (0.07–1.66) | ||
| Disease site | Disseminated | 1 (8%) | 3 (5%) | 0.540 | Referent |
| Lymph nodes | 4 (31%) | 16 (28%) | 1.33 (0.11–16.48) | ||
| Meninges | 1 (8%) | 4 (7%) | 1.33 (0.06–31.12) | ||
| EPTB/PTB | 1 (8%) | 2 (4%) | 0.67 (0.02–18.06) | ||
| Pericardium | 0 | 1 (2%) | 1-- | ||
| Peritoneum | 0 | 5 (9%) | 1-- | ||
| Pleura | 2 (15%) | 18 (32%) | 3 (0.20–44.36) | ||
| Genitourinary | 0 | 2 (4%) | 1-- | ||
| Cutaneous TB | 4 (31%) | 6 (11%) | 0.5 (0.04–6.68) | ||
| Beijing Clade | Yes | 0 | 25 (44%) | 0.003 | --1 |
| No | 13 (100%) | 32 (56%) | |||
| Euro-American | No | 12 (92%) | 31 (54%) | 0.011 | |
| Yes | 1 (8%) | 26 (46%) | 10.06 (1.23–82.64) | ||
| East-Africa-India | No | 13 (100) | 51 (89) | 0.221 | |
| Yes | 0 | 6 (11%) | --1 | ||
MDR-TB Multidrug resistant tuberculosis; RIF Rifampin; INH Isoniazid; EPTB Extra-pulmonary TB