Table 2.
Clinical presentation and treatment of 80 NSCLC patients with LM
| Variable | N (%) |
|---|---|
| Timing of metastasis | |
| Synchronous | 19 (23.8) |
| Metachronous | 61 (76.3) |
| Time from diagnosis of lung cancer to LM, months | |
| Median (range) | 12.5 (−0.2 to 73.0) |
| KPS score | |
| ≥ 80 | 21 (26.3%) |
| 70–50 | 41 (51.3%) |
| ≤ 40 | 18 (22.5%) |
| GCS score | |
| Less than 15 | 16 (20.0) |
| With CNS symptoms | 80 (100.0) |
| Modality of LM diagnosis | |
| MRI | 25 (31.3) |
| CSF cytology | 4 (5.0) |
| MRI + CSF cytology | 51 (63.8) |
| Concurrent brain metastasis | 42 (52.5) |
| Extra-CNS metastasis | 51 (63.8) |
| Local treatment for LM | |
| WBRT | 38 (47.5) |
| VP shunt | 6 (7.5) |
| Ventricular external drainage | 7 (8.8) |
| Lumbar cistern drainage | 3 (3.8) |
| Systematic treatment for LM | |
| Osimertinib | 25 (31.3) |
| Gefitinib | 12 (15.0) |
| Erlotinib | 4 (5.0) |
| Icotinib | 5 (6.3) |
| Afatinib | 1 (1.3) |
| Gefitinib followed by Osimertinib | 2 (2.5) |
| Bevacizumab | 9 (11.3) |
| Chemotherapy | 36 (45.0) |
Abbreviations: CNS Central nervous system, CSF Cerebrospinal fluid, MRI Magnetic resonance imaging, VP Ventriculoperitoneal, KPS Karnofsky performance status, GCS Glasgow coma scale, EGFR Epidermal growth factor receptor, TKI Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, LM Leptomeningeal metastasis, WBRT Whole brain radiotherapy, Gy Gray, HR Hazard ratio, CI Confidence interval