Table 2.
Univariate analysis of the characteristics associated with miliary TB among TB-IRIS
| Characteristics | Miliary TB (19) N (%) | Non-miliary TB (26) N (%) | Total (45) N (%) | Crude Orb (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 18 (94.7) | 24 (92.3) | 42 (93.3) | 1 | Ref. |
| Female | 1 (5.3) | 2 (7.7) | 3 (6.7) | 0.667 (0.056–7.937) | 0.748 |
| Age group (years) | |||||
| < 25 | 7 (36.8) | 2 (7.7) | 9 (20.0) | 8.167 (1.412–47.221) | 0.019 |
| 25–44 | 9 (47.4) | 21 (80.8) | 30 (66.7) | 1 | Ref. |
| 45–64 | 3 (15.8) | 2 (7.7) | 5 (11.1) | 3.500 (0.497–24.654) | 0.208 |
| > 64 | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.8) | 1 (2.2) | – | 1 |
| Initial CD4 cell count | |||||
| > 100 | 1 (5.3) | 1 (3.8) | 2 (4.4) | 1 | Ref. |
| 50–100 | 1 (5.3) | 2 (7.7) | 3 (6.7) | 0.500 (0.013–19.562) | 0.711 |
| < 50 | 17 (89.5) | 23 (88.5) | 40 (88.9) | 0.739 (0.043–12.674) | 0.835 |
| CD4 cell count after ART | |||||
| > 100 | 6 (31.6) | 15 (57.7) | 21 (46.7) | 1 | Ref. |
| 50–100 | 8 (42.1) | 8 (30.8) | 16 (35.5) | 2.500 (0.640–9.766) | 0.188 |
| < 50 | 5 (26.3) | 3 (11.5) | 8 (17.8) | 4.167 (0.749–23.179) | 0.103 |
| Increase in CD4 cell count | |||||
| < 4 folds | 9 (47.4) | 12 (46.2) | 21 (46.7) | 1 | Ref. |
| ≥ 4 folds | 10 (52.6) | 14 (53.8) | 24 (53.3) | 0.952 (0.291–3.117) | 0.936 |
| HIV virial load | |||||
| ≤ 1000 copies | 10 (52.6) | 14 (53.8) | 24 (53.3) | 1 | Ref. |
| > 1000 copies | 9 (47.4) | 12 (46.2) | 21 (46.7) | 1.050 (0.321–3.436) | 0.936 |
| HAART regimena | |||||
| First-line | 15 (78.9) | 23 (88.5) | 38 (84.4) | 1 | Ref. |
| Second-line | 4 (21.1) | 3 (11.5) | 7 (15.6) | 2.044 (0.400–10.457) | 0.390 |
aFirst-line regimen includes tenofovir, lamivudine and efavirenz; Second-line regimen includes tenofovir, lamivudine and lopinavir/ritonavir
bOR, odds ratio; CI, confidential interval