Table 4.
Loading information of included studies with composite specimens
| Author, year | Material testing machine | Detect Jig | Loading information | Test cycles | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Action simulated | Load force | Femur orientation | ||||
| Viceconti 2000 [32] | NR | 5 LVDTs | SC | Vertical load 1700 N | NR | 20 |
| Viceconti 2001 [31] | NR | 4 LVDTs | SC | Vertical load 1700 N | NR | 20 |
| Heller 2005 [27] | Dynamic testing machine (Instron 8871) | LVDTs | SC | 2348 N; frequency (0.25 Hz) | 10° adduction, 6° flexion | 100 |
| Kassi 2005 [28] | Dynamic servo-hydraulic testing machine (Instron 8871) | Force sensors, LVDTs | Walking, SLS, SC | Vertical load 1000 N; frequency (0.25 Hz); loaded with 50% and 75% of the computed peak loads, corresponding to a computed joint force of 1062 N/1174 N (walking/stair climbing) and 1593 N/1761 N | 8° adduction, 1° flexion; 10° adduction, 6°flexion; only load a hip contact force, simulating stair climbing | 100 |
| Fottner 2009 [1, 26] | Hydraulic material testing device | 6 LVDTs | Walking | Vertical load 100–1700 N (70 kg); frequency (1 Hz) | 16° adduction, 9° posterior tilt | 30 |
| Fottner 2011 [2, 25] | Zwick/Z010 | 6 LVDT sensors | Walking | Vertical load 100–1700 N (70 kg); frequency (0.5 Hz) | 16° adduction, 9° posterior tilt | 30 |
| Tuncay 2016 [30] | MTS 858 Mini Bionix II | NR | SLS | Vertical load 100–1000 N with a velocity of 50 N/s; 1000 N at 3 Hz for 10,000 cycles; torsional moment 0.5–10 Nm; frequency (3 Hz) | 16° valgus tilt | 10000 |
| Fottner 2017 [14] | ElectroPuls E10000, Instron, Norwood, USA | 6 LVDT sensors | Walking | Vertical load 300–1700 N (70 kg); frequency (1 Hz) | 16° adduction, 9° posterior tilt | 100 |
| Schmidutz 2017 [29] | Hydraulic testing device | 6 LVDT sensors, 6 strain gauges | Walking | Axial force of 250–1416.1 N (70 kg); frequency (1 Hz) | 16° adduction, 9° posterior tilt | 20 |
| Yan 2017 [33] | Hydraulic testing device | 6 LVDT sensors | Walking | Vertical load 100–1700 N (70 kg); frequency (1 Hz) | 16° adduction, 9° posterior tilt | 600 |
SLS single-leg stance, SC stair climbing, NR not reported