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. 2020 Jul 24;7:114. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00114

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Copyright © 2020 Martins, Duarte, Vieira, Rocha, Figueiredo, Silveira, Caiaffa, Lanna, Carvalho, Palotás, Ferreira and Reis.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-2 (A), IL-4 (B), IL-10 (C), TNF (D), IFN-γ (E), and GDF-15 (F), comparing control (N = 56), warfarin (N = 42), and rivaroxaban (N = 29) groups. The dosage of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, TNF, and IFN-γ was performed by Cytometric Bead Array; GDF-15, by Multiplex Immunoassay. The groups were compared by the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn's multiple comparison test. Significant values have been adjusted by the Bonferroni correction for multiple tests and are indicated by different letters. The horizontal bars show the mean and the standard error of the mean. IL, interleukin; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; IFN-γ, interferon-gamma; GDF-15, growth differentiation factor-15.