TABLE 3.
Pre- and post-intervention changes in physical performance, cognitive function, dual-task walking, and fall risk in the exercise versus control group.
|
Exercise group (EMAT exercise) (n = 56) |
Control group (conventional exercise) (n = 54) |
|||
| Pre-intervention | Post-intervention | Pre-intervention | Post-intervention | |
| Fall risk questionnaire (FRQ)a | 1.842.16 | 1.432.13 | 2.332.35 | 3.114.08 |
| Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) | 27.042.88 | 27.552.67 | 21.113.46 | 23.853.76 |
| Chair stand (no. of stands)c | 21.756.85 | 24.046.43 | 18.854.15 | 18.985.15 |
| Arm curl (no. of reps)b | 19.164.97 | 21.504.90 | 19.334.56 | 20.395.58 |
| Back scratch (cm) | 0.3010.87 | 1.179.89 | −4.8212.16 | −3.3310.82 |
| Chair sit and reach (cm)a | 10.1810.82 | 13.7110.03 | 7.0610.22 | 5.969.16 |
| 2-min step (no. of steps)c | 116.9616.69 | 122.5714.97 | 97.7237.86 | 94.4825.73 |
| 2.44 m up and go (s)c | 5.961.21 | 5.210.92 | 6.741.73 | 6.912.24 |
| Motor dual-task walking (DTW_M, s)b | 8.021.69 | 7.191.51 | 8.482.30 | 8.003.11 |
| Cognitive dual-task walking (DTW_C, s) | 8.192.49 | 7.112.39 | 9.696.26 | 9.094.65 |
| Single-leg stand (s) | 23.089.57 | 25.507.81 | 19.6110.28 | 19.9610.51 |
| Handgrip strength (kg) | 26.426.94 | 26.227.30 | 24.885.19 | 23.885.32 |
| Rt foot tapping test (no. of reps)b | 31.759.00 | 36.1611.04 | 32.706.22 | 34.307.88 |
| Lt foot tapping test (no. of reps)b | 31.208.26 | 35.0410.98 | 32.566.30 | 33.177.44 |
aSignificant group-by-time interaction effect. bSignificant time effect. cSignificant post-intervention differences after adjustment for pre-intervention values.