Table 1.
Sociodemographic, anthropometric, and clinical characteristics of the study sample (n = 454).a
| Mean age (years) | 53.1 ± 11.3 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 187 (41.2) |
| Mean BMI (kg/m2) | 29.7 ± 5.9 |
| Neck circumference (cm) | 37.4 ± 4.0 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.9 ± 0.1 |
| Sagittal diameter (cm) | 25.3 ± 4 |
| Smoking | |
| Smokers/former smokersb | 209 (46.0) |
| Marital status | |
| Married, n (%) | 276 (60.8) |
| Single, n (%) | 149 (32.8) |
| Not answered, n (%) | 29 (6.4) |
| Education | |
| Elementary, n (%) | 6 (1.8) |
| Secondary, n (%) | 12 (2.6) |
| Advanced, n (%) | 13 (2.9) |
| Incomplete higher, n (%) | 213 (46.9) |
| Higher, n (%) | 14 (3.1) |
| Not answered, n (%) | 29 (6.4) |
| Working status | |
| Full-time, n (%) | 250 (55.1) |
| Part-time, n (%) | 28 (6.2) |
| Not working, n (%) | 147 (32.4) |
| Not answered, n (%) | 29 (6.4) |
| Mean AHI (n/h) | 10.4 ± 12.2 |
| Mean oxygen desaturation index (n/h) | 10.8 ± 12.5 |
| Arterial hypertension, n (%) | 292 (64.3) |
| Mean systolic BP (mmHg) | 131 ± 17 |
| Mean diastolic BP (mmHg) | 83 ± 11 |
| Heart failure, n (%) | 37 (8.1) |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 16 (3.5) |
| Arrythmias, n (%) | 30 (6.6) |
| Myocardial infarction, n (%) | 19 (4.2) |
| Cerebrovascular accident/TIA, n (%) | 15 (3.3) |
| Type 2 diabetes, n (%) | 50 (11.0) |
| Questionnaires | |
| ESS mean score | 7 ± 4 |
| Score ≥ 10, n (%) | 110 (24.2) |
| PSQI score | 6 ± 3 |
| BQ high risk, n (%) | 138 (30.4) |
| STOP-Bang score ≥ 5, n (%) | 118 (26.0) |
AHI: apnea–hypopnea index; BMI: body mass index; BP: blood pressure; BQ: Berlin questionnaire; ESS: Epworth Sleepiness Scale; PSQI: Pittsburgh sleep quality index; TIA: transient ischemic attack; n/h: Number of events per hour.
a Variables are expressed as numbers (percentage) or mean with standard deviation for data that is normally distributed.
b Mean smoking status for smokers and former smokers was 18.9 in pack-years.