Table 4. WQGV and PGV.
| Pesticide | WQGV | PGV | Guideline reliability | NEC—this study | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PC99 | PC95 | PC90 | PC80 | PC99 | PC95 | PC90 | PC80 | |||
| Diazinon* | 0.00003 | 0.01 | 0.2 | 2.0 | Unknown | 38.0 | ||||
| Fipronil** | 0.0034 | 0.0089 | 0.016 | 0.033 | Moderate | 12.3 | ||||
| Imidacloprid*** | 0.057 | 0.13 | 0.23 | 0.46 | Moderate | 263 | ||||
| Chlorothalonil | 0.34 | 1.0 | 1.7 | 2.9 | Moderate | 2.42 | ||||
| Propiconazole | 2.1 | 8.2 | 15 | 30 | Low | 269 | ||||
Notes:
Australian water quality guideline values (from ANZG, 2018) for diazinon and Department of Environment and Science (DES) proposed guideline values for fipronil, imidacloprid, chlorothalonil and propiconazole for 99%, 95%, 90% and 80% species protection in marine ecosystems (from King et al., 2017a, 2017b).
All concentrations are in µg L−1 (95% confidence intervals).
WQGV, water quality guideline value; PGV, proposed guideline value; NEC, no effect concentration.
Diazinon WQGVs derived from freshwater data only as insufficient marine toxicity data to derive reliable guideline value.
Fipronil PGVs includes toxicity data from six freshwater species. No toxicity data were found for fipronil to Australian and/or New Zealand marine species.
Imidacloprid PGVs were calculated from toxicity data from only arthropods due to bimodality in SSD. Data includes toxicity data from two freshwater species.