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The HSRL technique (Box 1) relies on the spectral separation between 180˚ backscatter from seawater and suspended particles (e.g., phytoplankton). The spectrum of particulate backscatter is nearly identical to that of the transmitted single-frequency laser pulse. Molecular backscatter, on the other hand, is shifted (~7.5 GHz at 532 nm) and broadened by Brillouin scattering processes (Hickman et al. 1991).
