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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jul 31.
Published in final edited form as: Atmos Chem Phys. 2016 Feb 11;16(3):1603–1618. doi: 10.5194/acp-16-1603-2016

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Gas-phase isoprene oxidation cascade in GEOS-Chem leading to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation by irreversible aqueous-phase chemistry. Only selected species relevant to SOA formation are shown. Immediate aerosol precursors are indicated by dashed boxes. Branching ratios and SOA yields (aerosol mass produced per unit mass isoprene reacted) are mean values from our GEOS-Chem simulation for the Southeast US boundary layer in summer. The total SOA yield from isoprene oxidation is 3.3% and the values shown below the dashed boxes indicate the contributions from the different immediate precursors adding up to 3.3%. Contributions of high- and low-NOx isoprene oxidation pathways to glyoxal are indicated.