Table 1–

Summary of NCCN and EAU guidelines on active surveillance and observation (watchful waiting)

Organization	Risk group	Active surveillance		Watchful waiting
		Estimated survival	Recommendation for AS	Estimated survival	Recommendation for WW
NCCN	Very low risk	≥10–20yr >20yr (preferred)a	Yes	<10yr	Yes
	Low risk	≥10yr (preferred)a	Yes	<10yr
	Favorable intermediate risk	≥10yrb	Yes	<10yr (preferred)c
	Unfavorable intermediate risk	NA	No	<10yr (preferred)d
	High and very high risk	NA	No	≤5yre
EAU	Low risk	≥10yr	Yes (strong evidence)	<10yr	Yes
	Intermediate riskf	Not provided	Yes (weak evidence)
	High risk	NA	No

ADT = androgen deprivation therapy; AS = active surveillance; EAU = European Association of Urology; EBRT = external beam radiation therapy; NA = not applicable; NCCN = National Comprehensive Cancer Network; RP = radical prostatectomy; WW = watchful waiting.

^aAS (preferred), EBRT or brachytherapy, and RP should be discussed.

^bAS, EBRT or brachytherapy, and RP should be considered.

^cWW (preferred), EBRT, or brachytherapy should be considered.

^dWW (preferred), and EBRT ± brachytherapy ± ADT should be considered.

^eIn asymptomatic men WW or EBRT (or ADT), when metastasis and/or complications are expected.

^f<10% pattern 4.