Fig. 1.

Rat tracheal epithelial EGV-4T cells transfected with a reporter plasmid to determine the promoter activity of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes (EGV-4T/TNFα-1, EGV-4T/IL6-1, EGV-4T/IL33v1-6, and EGV-4T/IL33v5-6 cells) were stimulated with 10 EU/mL LPS for various time points. Luciferase activity was measured to determine the promoter activity of TNFα, IL6, and IL33 genes. Relative activity is shown as a ratio to luciferase activity of untreated control cells. Each value represents the mean ± SD (n = 5). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 versus untreated control.