Table 1.
Distribution of observed participant characteristics by domestic violence perpetration category in the LIFE Experiences Study
| Total (n = 1617) | Persisters (n = 154) | Desisters (n = 128) | Late-Onsetters (n = 87) | Never Perpetrators (n = 1248) | p-valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % (n) | ||||||
| Primary predictors | ||||||
| Risk factors | ||||||
| Loss of support | 6.9 (107) | 1.9 (11) | 12.7 (9) | 27.0 (13) | 5.6 (74) | 0.04 |
| Loss of food security | 9.8 (184) | 1.8 (12) | 7.6 (15) | 19.4 (21) | 10.2 (136) | 0.06 |
| Loss of housing | 15.2 (268) | 26.4 (25) | 23.5 (27) | 26.1 (30) | 12.7 (186) | 0.20 |
| Protective factor | ||||||
| Substance use cessation | 13.5 (189) | 5.2 (7) | 41.2 (38) | 1.5 (5) | 12.0 (139) | < 0.001 |
| Covariates | ||||||
| Male | 39.4 (643) | 32.1 (52) | 49.6 (49) | 31.4 (33) | 39.5 (509) | 0.53 |
| Ageb | ||||||
| 31–40 | 16.6 (194) | 17.7 (13) | 24.2 (22) | 16.2 (5) | 15.7 (154) | 0.18 |
| 41–50 | 32.8 (375) | 19.7 (39) | 49.1 (38) | 14.3 (15) | 33.3 (283) | |
| 51–60 | 28.9 (516) | 39.3 (53) | 13.3 (33) | 48.8 (43) | 28.5 (387) | |
| 61+ | 21.7 (532) | 23.4 (49) | 13.4 (35) | 20.7 (24) | 22.5 (424) | |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| White | 67.5 (1076) | 39.5 (75) | 66.1 (75) | 49.1 (57) | 71.3 (869) | 0.003 |
| Black | 8.2 (190) | 18.6 (34) | 3.4 (15) | 15.3 (11) | 7.3 (130) | |
| Hispanic | 7.0 (111) | 2.6 (12) | 20.2 (18) | 7.6 (6) | 5.9 (75) | |
| All other | 17.4 (240) | 39.4 (33) | 10.3 (20) | 28.1 (13) | 15.5 (174) | |
| Income | ||||||
| ≤ $5000 | 34.2 (579) | 45.1 (71) | 41.8 (41) | 44.8 (34) | 31.9 (433) | 0.71 |
| > $5000 – $10,000 | 18.5 (379) | 17.2 (35) | 22.2 (33) | 16.3 (21) | 18.3 (290) | |
| > $10,000 – $20,000 | 18.5 (358) | 15.2 (28) | 8.5 (31) | 11.5 (19) | 20.2 (280) | |
| > $20,000 | 28.9 (301) | 22.5 (20) | 27.6 (23) | 27.4 (13) | 29.7 (245) | |
| Childhood abuse | 55.2 (1015) | 91.5 (129) | 69.8 (102) | 85.0 (70) | 48.7 (714) | < 0.001 |
| Childhood bullying | 53.2 (914) | 73.6 (93) | 65.5 (91) | 53.2 (54) | 50.0 (676) | 0.10 |
| Childhood support | 68.0 (1061) | 58.9 (85) | 61.8 (76) | 55.0 (49) | 70.2 (851) | 0.41 |
| Physical DV victimization | 35.4 (682) | 64.2 (113) | 53.5 (82) | 69.4 (59) | 28.9 (428) | < 0.001 |
Note: Percentages shown are survey weighted. Sample sizes are unweighted, and variables are presented with no imputation for missingness. Missing data: DV perpetration (n = 251, 12%), loss of support (n = 240, 11%), loss of food security (n = 260, 12%), loss of housing (n = 104, 5%), substance use cessation (n = 248, 12%), covariates (n = 201, 9%)
ap values based χ2-tests
bAge is included as a continuous variable in the analysis but is shown descriptively in categories in this table