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. 2020 Jul 9;117(30):17720–17726. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2008410117

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Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.

This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY).

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Fig. 2. — Linkage between COVID-19 mortality and BCG vaccination. (A) Coarse analysis of COVID-19 mortality per million inhabitants in countries with current, interrupted, or that never had BCG vaccination programs. United States data appear by state. (B) Filtered analysis of COVID-19 mortality per million inhabitants in countries with current, interrupted, or that never had BCG vaccination programs and similar social, economic, and epidemic stage conditions. (C) Filtered analysis of COVID-19 mortality per million inhabitants in countries with current vs. interrupted or that never had BCG vaccination programs, including only countries with similar social, economic, and epidemic stage conditions. (D) Negative association between percentage of vaccination coverage (mean) between 1980 and 2018, as a proxy of population protection, and maximum COVID-19 deaths per million inhabitants registered by country in a day, as a proxy of COVID-19 severity. Full list of analyses is available in SI Appendix, Tables S2–S4.