Fig. 1.

Social environment does not alter expression of heritable latent inhibition. LI scores of individuals from high-LI lines that spent their adult life either in high-LI-only colonies (red, n = 36) or in a control colony with a variety of LI phenotypes from an open mated queen (red with gray vertical lines, n = 18); individuals from low LI lines that spent their adult life either in low-LI-only colonies (yellow, n = 52) or in control colonies (yellow with gray vertical lines, n = 10). LI score is calculated by dividing the number of responses to the novel odor (A) + 1 by the number of responses to the familiar odor (X) + 1. An LI score closer to 1 indicates similar responses to novel and familiar odors and qualifies a bee as low-LI, while an LI score over 1.33 qualifies a bee as high LI, having fewer responses to familiar odor and more responses to the novel odor. Here, high-LI bees had a median LI score of 2 in both treatments, and low-LI bees had a median of 1.25 when in low-LI colonies and 1.29 in control colonies. Different letters above violins indicate statistically significant differences according to a post hoc Tukey test. In this and subsequent figures, the large black dot is the median, the white box is the interquartile range (IQR), whiskers extend to 1.5*IQR, and the small points beyond the whiskers are outliers. The violin shapes show the distribution of the data. Here, and in all following figures, yellow indicates low-LI colonies and individuals, gray indicates control colonies and individuals, and red indicates high-LI colonies and individuals.