Table 1.
Under-served groups identified from stakeholder groups and surveys
| Groups by demographic factors | |
| Age extremes (e.g. under 18 and over 75) | |
| Women of childbearing age | |
| Black, Asian and Ethnic Minorities (BAME) | |
| Male or female sex (depending on trial context) | |
| LGBTQ/sexual orientation | |
| Educational disadvantage | |
| Groups by social and economic factors | |
| In full-time employment | |
| Unemployed/low income | |
| Military veterans | |
| People in alternative residential circumstancesa | |
| People living in remote areas | |
| Religious minorities | |
| Carers | |
| People not fluent in the majority language | |
| People who do not attend regular medical appointments | |
| People in multiple excluded categories | |
| Socially marginalised people | |
| Stigmatised populations | |
| Looked after children | |
| Groups by health status | |
| Mental health conditions | |
| People who lack the capacity to consent for themselves | |
| Cognitive impairment | |
| Learning disability | |
| People with addictions | |
| Pregnant women | |
| People with multiple health conditions | |
| Physical disabilities | |
| Visually/hearing impaired | |
| Too severely ill | |
| Smokers | |
| People living with obesity | |
| Groups by disease-specific factors | |
| Rare diseases and genetic disease subtypes | |
| People in cancer trials with brain metastases |
aThis category includes migrants, asylum seekers, prison populations, care homes, traveller communities and homeless