Table 3.
Truncated negative binomial Poisson regression model for the number of cigarettes smoked daily among male adult smokers in Ethiopia, 2016.
| Variables (references) | IRR | Standard error | p value | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residence (urban) | Rural | 0.430 | 0.124 | 0.003 | (0.244, 0.756) |
|
| |||||
| Age category (15-29) | 30-44 | 1.083 | 0.145 | 0.551 | (0.834, 1.407) |
| 45-59 | 1.774 | 0.273 | 0.000 | (1.313, 2.399) | |
|
| |||||
| Marital status (never married) | Currently married | 0.644 | 0.113 | 0.012 | (0.456, 0.909) |
| Formerly married | 0.538 | 0.160 | 0.037 | (0.30, 0.964) | |
|
| |||||
| Religion (Muslim) | Orthodox | 1.137 | 0.194 | 0.450 | (0.814, 1.588) |
| Protestant | 1.808 | 0.442 | 0.015 | (1.120, 2.918) | |
| Other | 1.120 | 0.509 | 0.803 | (0.460, 2.730) | |
|
| |||||
| Educational status (illiterate) | Primary | 1.393 | 0.167 | 0.006 | (1.101, 1.762) |
| Secondary | 1.438 | 0.270 | 0.053 | (0.995, 2.076) | |
| Higher | 2.959 | 0.689 | 0.000 | (1.875, 4.669) | |
|
| |||||
| Occupation (not working) | Professional | 1.246 | 0.310 | 0.376 | (0.766, 2.029) |
| Agricultural | 1.494 | 0.357 | 0.093 | (0.935, 2.386) | |
| Unskilled | 1.080 | 0.332 | 0.803 | (0.591, 1.971) | |
| Other | 1.103 | 0.288 | 0.708 | (0.661, 1.840) | |
|
| |||||
| Wealth index (poorest) | Poorer | 1.644 | 0.271 | 0.003 | (1.190, 2.272) |
| Middle | 0.841 | 0.134 | 0.277 | (0.615, 1.149) | |
| Richer | 0.626 | 0.117 | 0.012 | (0.434, 0.904) | |
| Richest | 0.491 | 0.142 | 0.014 | (0.279, 0.866) | |
|
| |||||
| Administrative region | Afar | 3.317 | 1.927 | 0.039 | (1.062, 10.358) |
| Amhara | 1.179 | 0.526 | 0.712 | (0.492, 2.826) | |
| Oromia | 1.493 | 0.554 | 0.280 | (0.722, 3.088) | |
| Somali | 2.802 | 1.114 | 0.010 | (1.286, 6.107) | |
| Benishangul | 1.384 | 0.647 | 0.487 | (0.553, 3.462) | |
| SNNPR | 0.773 | 0.311 | 0.523 | (0.351, 1.702) | |
| Gambela | 0.851 | 0.513 | 0.789 | (0.261, 2.772) | |
| Harari | 3.464 | 1.962 | 0.028 | (1.141, 10.514) | |
| Addis Ababa | 0.653 | 0.262 | 0.289 | (0.297, 1.435) | |
| Dire Dawa | 3.094 | 1.460 | 0.017 | (1.227, 7.804) | |
|
| |||||
| Hear radio (no) | Yes | 1.242 | 0.141 | 0.056 | (0.994, 1.551) |
| Watch television (no) | Yes | 1.557 | 0.204 | 0.001 | (1.205, 2.012) |
| Read newspapers (no) | Yes | 0.822 | 0.112 | 0.149 | (0.629, 1.073) |
| Alcohol use (no) | Yes | 1.367 | 0.200 | 0.034 | (1.025, 1.820) |
| Chewed khat | Yes | 1.192 | 0.201 | 0.298 | (0.856, 1.659) |
| Constant | 4.313 | 2.244 | 0.005 | (1.556, 11.957) | |
| Alpha | 0.5348 | 0.062 | (0.424, 0.671) | ||
| Ln (alpha) | -0.628 | 0.117 | (-0.857, -0.398) | ||
∗Statistically significant at p value of <0.05.