Table 1.
Participant characteristics.
| Number of patients | 85 | |
|
| ||
| Sex (males, females; n (%)) | 11 (14.9), 74 (85.1) | |
| Age (years; mean ± SD, range) | 63.0 ± 12.3, 17–85 | |
| BMI (kg/m2; mean ± SD, range) | 22.3 ± 4.0, 14.7–38.5 | |
| Disease duration (months; mean ± SD, range) | 140.1 ± 116.5, 7–582 | |
| History of any RA-related operation, n (%) | 40 (46.0) | |
| Number of RA-related operations (mean ± SD, range) | 0.9 ± 1.3, 0–6 | |
| Use of MTX, n (%) | 55 (63.2) | |
| Use of bDMARDs, n (%) | 46 (52.9) | |
| Use of oral steroids, n (%) | 9 (10.3) | |
| Use of oral analgesics, n (%) | 25 (29.4) | |
| MMP-3 levels (ng/mL; mean ± SD, range) | 63.4 ± 45.1, 12.8–311.9 | |
| EQ-5D-5L (mean ± SD, range) | 0.8096 ± 0.1570, 0.1722–0.9384 | |
| DAS28-CRP (mean ± SD, range) | 1.3 ± 0.9, 1.0–5.3 | |
| PDQ (mean ± SD, range) | 5.3 ± 4.5, 0–18 | |
| PSEQ (mean ± SD, range) | 42.8 ± 13.0, 9–60 | |
| PCS (mean ± SD, range) | 15.5 ± 11.2, 0–40 | |
SD: standard deviation, BMI: body mass index, RA: rheumatoid arthritis, MTX: methotrexate, bDMARDs: biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, MMP-3: serum matrix metalloprotease-3, EQ-5D-5L: the European Quality of Life questionnaire, five dimensions, five levels, DAS28-CRP: disease activity score based on the 28-joint assessment–C-reactive protein, PDQ: painDETECT questionnaire, PSEQ: pain self-efficacy questionnaire, PCS: pain catastrophizing scale.