Table 3.
Association between transformation of serum uric acid levels and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
| Hyperuricemia at baseline | Hyperuricemia at follow-up | No. of participants | Cases | Mean follow-up duration (months) | Model 1† | Model 2‡ | Model 3§ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | |||||||
| No | No | 13,210 | 838 | 44.12 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | No | 1,913 | 187 | 44.54 | 1.62 (1.36-1.92) | 1.1 (0.88-1.36) | 1.07 (0.83-1.36) |
| No | Yes | 2,296 | 120 | 48.43 | 0.97 (0.79-1.19) | 0.75 (0.58-0.95) | 0.85 (0.65-1.1) |
| Yes | Yes | 3,787 | 292 | 43.86 | 1.37 (1.19-1.58) | 0.82 (0.68-0.98) | 0.88 (0.72-1.08) |
| Women | |||||||
| No | No | 14,106 | 322 | 39.56 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | No | 571 | 38 | 41.28 | 2.08 (1.43-2.96) | 0.96 (0.56-1.57) | 0.77 (0.43-1.32) |
| No | Yes | 845 | 63 | 45.88 | 2.69 (2.00-3.58) | 1.59 (1.07-2.31) | 1.67 (1.09-2.49) |
| Yes | Yes | 568 | 82 | 41.02 | 3.94 (2.97-5.19) | 2.25 (1.56-3.19) | 2.15 (1.44-3.16) |
Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; SUA: serum uric acid; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ALT: alanine aminotransferase. Data are odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals (CIs)). †Model 1: adjusted for age at baseline and follow-up. ‡Model 2: adjusted for age, BMI, WC, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, eGFR, ALT, and white blood cell count at baseline and follow-up. §Model 3: adjusted for FPG level at baseline plus all variables in model 2.