Table 4.
Bivariate and multivariate analysis of anemia and related factors among study participant in a Kulito Health Center, SNNPR, Ethiopia, 2018 (n = 236).
| Variable | Hemoglobin status | COR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anemic n (%) | Normal n (%) | ||||
| Age (years) | P ≤ 0.047 | 0.243 | |||
| 16–24 | 25 (31.3%) | 55 (68.8%) | 1 | 1 | |
| 24–32 | 22 (20.2%) | 87 (79.8%) | 0.556 (0.286–1.082) | 0.749 (0.192–2.921) | |
| 32–42 | 18 (38.3%) | 29 (61.7%) | 1.366 (0.642–2.904) | 1.730 (0.341–8.772) | |
|
| |||||
| Occupation | P ≤ 0.016 | 0.355 | |||
| Employed | 19 (19.2%) | 80 (80.8%) | 1 | 1 | |
| Unemployed | 46 (33.6%) | 91 (66.4%) | 2.128 (1.153–3.929) | 1.514 (0.628–3.646) | |
|
| |||||
| Educational status | P ≤ 0.089 | 0.186 | |||
| Primary | 38 (24%) | 120 (76%) | 1 | 1 | |
| Illiterate | 27 (34.6%) | 51 (65.4%) | 1.672 (0.925–3.023) | 0.504 (0.183–1.391) | |
|
| |||||
| Family income | P ≤ 0.062 | 0.586 | |||
| ≥2000 birr | 18 (20.7%) | 69 (78.3%) | 1 | 1 | |
| <2000 birr | 47 (31.5%) | 102 (68.5%) | 1.810(0.971–3.374) | 1.349 (0.459–3.963) | |
|
| |||||
| Family size (people) | P ≤ 0.130 | 0.459 | |||
| ≤4 | 34 (23.9) | 108 (76.1) | 1 | 1 | |
| ≥5 | 31 (33) | 63 (67) | 1.563(0.877–2.785) | 0.638 (0.194–2.096) | |
|
| |||||
| Residency | P ≤ 0.002 | 0.137 | |||
| Urban | 28 (20%) | 112 (80%) | 1 | 1 | |
| Rural | 37 (38.5%) | 59 (61.5%) | 2.508 (1.400–4.496) | 1.878 (0.818–4.310) | |
|
| |||||
| Gravidity | P ≤ 0.013 | 0.053 | |||
| ≤3 | 38 (23.45%) | 124 (75.55) | 1 | 1 | |
| ≥4 | 27 (36.5%) | 47 (63.5) | 1.931 (1.062–3.511) | 2.197 (0.990–4.876) | |
|
| |||||
| Gestational age | P ≤ 0.044 | 0.060 | |||
| 1st trimester | 4 (10.3%) | 35 (89.7) | 1 | 1 | |
| 2nd trimester | 21 (30%) | 49 (70) | 3.750 (1.183–11.889) | 3.868 (0.696–21.485) | |
| 3rd trimester | 40 (31.5%) | 87 (68.5) | 4.023 (1.339–12.087) | 6.457 (1.276–32.729)∗ | |
|
| |||||
| IPG (years) | P ≤ 0.018 | 0.013 | |||
| ≥2 | 23 (22.1%) | 81 (77.9%) | 1 | 1 | |
| <2 | 20 (40.8%) | 29 (59.2%) | 2.429 (1.166–5.061) | 2.863 (1.245–6.582)∗ | |
|
| |||||
| Taking iron folate | P ≤ 0.232 | 0.755 | |||
| Yes | 15 (22.1%) | 53 (77.9%) | 1 | 1 | |
| No | 50 (29.8%) | 118 (70.2%) | 1.497 (0.772–2.902) | 1.166 (0.444–3.066) | |
|
| |||||
| Taking meat at least once a month | P ≤ 0.003 | 0.322 | |||
| Yes | 20 (18%) | 91 (82%) | 1 | 1 | |
| No | 45 (36%) | 80 (64%) | 2.500(1.363–4.584) | 1.618 (0.625–4.194) | |
|
| |||||
| Taking egg at least once a month | P ≤ 0.174 | 0.742 | |||
| Yes | 27 (23.7%) | 87 (76.3%) | 1 | 1 | |
| No | 38 (31.1%) | 84 (68.9%) | 1.492 (0.838–2.658) | 0.857 (0.342–2.147) | |
|
| |||||
| MUAC in cm | P ≤ 0.0001 | 0.040 | |||
| ≥21 | 42 (21.9%) | 150 (78.1%) | 1 | 1 | |
| <21 | 23 (52.3%) | 21 (47.7%) | 3.912 (1.975–7.747) | 2.595 (1.044–6.450)∗ | |
|
| |||||
| IP infection | P ≤ 0.021 | 0.604 | |||
| No | 45 (24.1%) | 142 (75.9%) | 1 | 1 | |
| Yes | 20 (40.8%) | 29 (59.2%) | 2.176 (1.124–4.235) | 1.328 (0.454–3.885) | |
∗Statistically significant at 95% CI, P value < 0.05; 1-reference, CI: confidence interval, and AOR: adjusted odds ratio.