Table 1.
Characteristics at baseline | In first period † | In second period ‡ | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
N= 40 | N= 92 | ||
Age (year) — mean ± SD | 62.17 ± 15.24 | 57.59 ± 16.64 | 0.13 |
Sex (M) — no. (%) | 26 (58) | 59 (64) | 0.99 |
Obesity — no. (%) | 2 (4) | 13 (14) | 0.22 |
Smoking (yes) — no. (%) | 13 (29) | 16 (17) | 0.09 |
CCI* — no. (%) | |||
0 | 4 (10) | 20 (22) | 0.38 |
1-2 | 14 (35) | 33 (36) | |
3-4 | 11 (28) | 20 (22) | |
≥5 | 11 (28) | 19 (21) | |
Pulmonary CT scan — no. (%) | 20 (50) | 83 (90) | <0.0001 |
Normal | 2 (10) | 5 (6) | 0.46 |
Limited | 6 (30) | 11 (13) | |
Mild | 0 (0) | 24 (29) | |
Moderate | 9 (45) | 32 (39) | |
Severe | 3 (15) | 11 (13) | |
Lymphocyte count <1000/mm3 — no. (%) | 17 (42) | 54 (59) | 0.13 |
PMN count >8000/mm3 | 5 (13) | 9 (10) | 0.64 |
CRP mg/L — mean ± SD | 84.59 ± 70.31 | 83.70 ± 71.86 | 0.95 |
Oxygen (yes) — no. (%) | 21 (53) | 74 (80) | 0.001 |
≤2L/min | 10 (48) | 38 (51) | 0.55 |
2 – 5 L/min | 10 (48) | 27 (36) | |
>5 L/min | 1 (5) | 9 (12) | |
Treatment strategies — no. (%) | |||
No treatment | 30 (75) | 22 (24) | <0.0001 |
AZI ± HCQ | 10 (25) | 70 (76) |
In first period is defined as 03/05 to 03/19
In second period is defined as 03/20 to 04/25; AZI, Azithromycin; HCQ, Hydroxychloroquine; N, number; %, percent; SD, standard deviation; M, men; Obesity with body mass index ≥30 kg/m²
CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; PMN, polymorphonuclear leukocyte; CRP, C-reactive protein; CT, computerized tomography; pulmonary CT scan category normal 0%, limited <10%, mild 10–25%, moderate 25–50%, severe >50%; a Student test (equal variance) or Welche-Satterthwaite t test (unequal variance) was used to analyse quantitative variables, a Mantel-Haenszel Chi-Square test was used to analyse the qualitative variables and the exact test of Fisher was used when the sample sizes were small (<5). Test significant (P<0.05).