TABLE IV.
Demographic and Clinical Data for Patients Who Tested Positive for COVID-19 and Died*
| Variables | Case 1 | Case 2 | Case 3 | Case 4 | Case 5 | Case 6 | Case 7 |
| Sex | Male | Male | Female | Male | Female | Female | Female |
| Age (yr) | 89 | 93 | 85 | 100 | 89 | 95 | 88 |
| Residence | Nursing home | Family home | Nursing home | Nursing home | Nursing home | Family home | Nursing home |
| Living in area of risk† | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Contact with COVID-19, confirmed positive, or suspected | Yes | No | Yes | Maybe | Yes | No | Maybe |
| Fracture type | Intertrochanteric | Intertrochanteric | Intertrochanteric | Intertrochanteric | Intertrochanteric | Intertrochanteric | Femoral neck |
| Dementia | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Cough on presentation | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Temperature on presentation (°C) | 35.8 | 36.3 | 35.8 | 38.9 | 35.8 | 36.2 | 38.3 |
| Oxygen saturation on presentation‡ | 95 | 99 | 95 | 88 | 96 | 97 | 93 |
| Chest radiograph on presentation | Normal | Lobar consolidation | Normal | Lobar consolidation | Normal | Lobar consolidation | Normal |
| Confusion | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
| Urea level in blood (mg/dL) | >45 | <45 | >45 | NA | >45 | <45 | >45 |
| Respiratory rate (breaths per minute) | <30 | <30 | NA | >30 | <30 | <30 | <30 |
| Blood pressure (mm Hg) | Systolic >90 and diastolic >60 | Systolic >90 and diastolic >60 | Systolic >90 and diastolic >60 | Systolic <90 or diastolic <60 | Systolic >90 and diastolic >60 | Systolic >90 and diastolic >60 | Systolic >90 and diastolic >60 |
| CURB-65 score§ | 2 | 1 | NA | NA | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| White blood cell count (per µL) | 1,600 | 650 | 2,480 | 1,200 | 900 | 900 | 900 |
| Creatinine serum level (mg/dL) | 1.6 | NA | 1.09 | 1.43 | 1.32 | 0.63 | 0.90 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index score | 7 | 5 | 9 | 6 | 10 | 4 | 5 |
| ASA class | III | NA | IV | V | III | III | III |
| Time from presentation to COVID-19 confirmation (days) | 6 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | On presentation |
| Time from presentation to death (days) | 15 | 18 | 18 | 12 | 19 | 20 | 9 |
| Time from presentation to surgery (days) | 2 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — |
| Treatment | Surgical (nail) | Surgical (nail) | Nonoperative | Nonoperative | Nonoperative | Nonoperative | Nonoperative |
| Comments | Pneumonia symptoms and COVID-19 diagnosis after surgery | Underwent surgery with diagnosis of pneumonia COVID-19 | Patient unfit to undergo surgery | Patient unfit to undergo surgery | Patient unfit to undergo surgery | Patient unfit to undergo surgery | Patient unfit to undergo surgery |
*
NA = not available.
†
A risk area is defined as a hospital catchment area with >100 COVID-19 cases per 100,000 inhabitants.
‡
This was tested with the patient breathing room air containing 21% oxygen.
§
This is the CURB-65 score for the severity of pneumonia, which takes into account the state of confusion (C), urea level in blood (U), respiratory rate (R), blood pressure (B), and age of ≥65 years as risk factors.