TABLE 1.
Age, household characteristics, and educational attainment of women of reproductive age by survey: Biomarkers Reflecting Inflammation and Nutritional Determinants of Anemia project1
| Geographic grouping | Country, survey year | n | Age,2 y | Rural residence | Low SES | Low education3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Americas | Mexico, 2012 | 3586 | 34.6 [22.3–41.1] | 27.4 (25.7, 29.2) | 38.3 (36.0, 40.7) | — |
| Mexico, 2006 | 3006 | 31.1 [22.9–39.9] | 29.6 (25.1, 34.0) | 47.3 (43.3, 51.4) | 59.9 (55.2, 62.6) | |
| Ecuador, 2012 | 7129 | 29.3 [21.4–37.9] | 28.9 (18.6, 39.1) | 38.9 (33.6, 44.3) | 30.6 (27.8, 33.5) | |
| USA, 2006 | 3150 | 34.5 [24.4–42.3] | — | 26.1 (23.0, 29.3) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) | |
| Colombia, 2010 | 8809 | 27.6 [18.5–38.6] | 22.2 (21.2, 23.2) | 38.1 (36.7, 39.5) | 51.1 (49.0, 53.2) | |
| Europe/Eastern Mediterranean | Azerbaijan, 2013 | 2642 | 31.0 [23.4–41.1] | 53.8 (47.6, 60.1) | 31.3 (27.8, 34.8) | 5.1 (3.6, 6.7) |
| United Kingdom, 2014 | 876 | 35.7 [25.7–42.8] | — | 36.1 (31.4, 40.9) | 8.8 (6.1, 11.5) | |
| Georgia, 2009 | 1671 | 29.2 [26.5–32.0] | 49.7 (42.8, 56.6) | 19.3 (15.7, 22.8) | 4.7 (3.2, 6.2) | |
| Afghanistan, 2013 | 568 | 29.0 [24.1–34.3] | — | 7.2 (3.6, 10.9) | — | |
| Pakistan, 2011 | 9029 | 29.7 [25.7–34.6] | 68.9 (66.1, 71.7) | 42.5 (40.2, 44.8) | 71.2 (69.3, 73.0) | |
| Africa | Cameroon, 2009 | 748 | 26.0 [22.0–31.0] | 41.5 (31.5, 51.6) | 42.6 (35.3, 50.0) | 66.4 (62.5, 70.3) |
| Côte d'Ivoire, 2007 | 816 | 26.1 [20.9–32.0] | 46.8 (42.9, 50.8) | 38.8 (32.7, 44.9) | 84.4 (80.8, 88.1) | |
| Malawi, 2016 | 758 | 25.3 [19.6–35.5] | 91.0 (83.5, 98.4) | 42.6 (35.2, 50.1) | 79.6 (73.8, 85.5) | |
| Southeast Asia/Western Pacific | Papua New Guinea, 2005 | 738 | 27.7 [20.7–35.3] | 79.1 (69.3, 88.9) | 39.5 (27.7, 51.3) | 72.0 (66.6, 77.4) |
| Cambodia, 2014 | 419 | 29.8 [25.1–33.3] | 86.9 (83.6, 90.2) | 43.7 (35.6, 51.7) | 69.0 (64.1, 73.9) | |
| Laos, 2006 | 810 | 28.3 [20.0–36.8] | 68.0 (54.2, 81.7) | 38.8 (28.3, 49.4) | 65.0 (55.3, 74.7) | |
| Vietnam, 2010 | 1480 | 31.9 [24.1–40.1] | 51.4 (49.5, 53.2) | — | — |
1
Values represent percentages (95% CIs) unless otherwise indicated; estimates account for cluster, strata, and weight. —, variable (or category) unavailable. SES, socioeconomic status.
2
Age shown as medians [IQRs].
3
Education categorized as binary for modeling purposes: low represents none or primary attained, higher education (secondary or beyond) not shown.