TABLE 1.
Summary of changes in the estimated prevalence of iron and vitamin A deficiency with the use of pooled data in children and women, BRINDA project1
| Percentage point difference | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Depleted iron stores | Iron-deficient erythropoiesis | Vitamin A deficiency | |
| Children | |||
| BRINDA phase 1 | +24.0 (+7.9, +35.2) | −14.6 (−23.8, −0.8) | −18.0 (−21.5, −6.0) |
| BRINDA phase 2 | +8.6 (+1.1, +13.2) | −19.5 (−70.3, −1.2) | −8.2 (−16.0, −3.4) |
| BRINDA pooled | +10.5 (+1.1, +35.2) | −15.1 (−70.3, −0.8) | −13.5 (−21.5, −3.4) |
| Women | |||
| BRINDA phase 1 | +9.1 (+3.7, +10.5) | −9.7 (−13.7, −1.9) | NA |
| BRINDA phase 2 | +6.8 (+1.3, +13.3) | −2.6 (−37.7, −1.5) | NA |
| BRINDA pooled | +7.4 (+1.3, +13.3) | −6.4 (−37.7, −1.5) | NA |
Values are absolute median differences (ranges) using internal regression correction adjusted for α-1 acid glycoprotein and C-reactive protein compared with unadjusted estimates. Depleted iron stores defined as ferritin <12 µg/L for children and ferritin <15 µg/L for women, iron-deficient erythropoiesis as soluble transferrin receptor >8.3 mg/L for children and women, and vitamin A deficiency as either retinol or retinol-binding protein <0.7 µmol/L for children. Restricted to surveys that were statistically different (P < 0.05); for depleted iron stores and iron-deficient erythropoiesis this excluded Rwanda 2010 in children, for vitamin A deficiency this excluded Burkina Faso 2010 in children, and for depleted iron stores this excluded Cambodia 2014 in women. Total sample size for depleted iron stores in children: 13,492 and in women: 17,366; for iron-deficient erythropoiesis in children: 12,818 and in women: 15,873; and for vitamin A deficiency in children: 15,796. BRINDA, Biomarkers Reflecting Inflammation and Nutritional Determinants of Anemia; NA, not applicable.