Table 1.

Participant characteristics

	Total		Did not experience cold-like symptoms a		Experienced cold-like symptoms
	n=1,226 (100%)		n=1,144 (93.3%)		n=82 (6.7%)
	n (%)/mean (SD)		n (%)/mean (SD)		n (%)/mean (SD)		p-value
Sex (men)	735	60.0%	690	60.3%	45	54.9%	0.332d
Age, years	46.3	13.5	46.4	13.5	45.5	13.3	0.517e
Underlying diseases b (yes)	264	21.5%	239	20.9%	25	30.5%	0.041d
Residential area (metropolitan area c)	1,120	91.4%	1,048	91.6%	72	87.8%	0.236d
Living arrangement (with others)	938	76.5%	872	76.2%	66	80.5%	0.379d
Educational attainment (university graduate level or above)	744	60.7%	698	61.0%	46	56.1%	0.379d
Household income level (≥ 5 million yen)	768	62.6%	718	62.8%	50	61.0%	0.747d
Occupation
Company employee	761	62.1%	716	62.6%	45	54.9%	0.095d
Self-employed	107	8.7%	97	8.5%	10	12.2%
Part-time job	247	20.1%	224	19.6%	23	28.0%
Government worker, Other	111	9.1%	107	9.4%	4	4.9%
Employment-related constraints that may obstruct self-isolation practices
Can work from home (no)	640	52.2%	592	51.7%	48	58.5%	0.235d
Will not be paid if leave is taken (yes)	570	46.5%	523	45.7%	47	57.3%	0.042d
May be terminated if leave is taken (yes)	284	23.2%	263	23.0%	21	25.6%	0.587d

SD, standard deviation

a Fever or other cold symptoms

b Underlying diseases included heart diseases, respiratory diseases, kidney diseases, diabetes, and hypertension.

c Included Tokyo, Kanagawa, Saitama, and Chiba prefecture

p-value was calculated using ^d chi-square test or ^e t test, as appropriate