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. 2020 Jul 22;11:1380. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01380

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Copyright © 2020 Han, Zhang, Xu, Pang, Zhang, Hu, Chen, Chen, Zhang and He.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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More 3-indolepropionic acid is produced in mice treated with antibiotics combined with γδT cell therapy. (A) Metabolites were detected in the cecum content by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Principal coordinate analysis shows the distribution of the samples in two principal components. The distance between the sample points represents the similarity of the metabolite communities in the sample; the closer the distance, the higher the similarity. (B) Relative abundance of metabolites in the same samples as (A). (C) Concentration of indoles in samples from the γδT cell therapy group (n = 5) and the antibiotic combined with γδT cell therapy group (n = 6). Student's t-test. (D) Concentration heatmap of all listed indoles in the two groups. (E) MPEA analysis to predict which pathway contributes to the metabolic differences between the γδT cell therapy mice and the antibiotic-treated mice. The dot position on the Y-axis refers to a metabolic pathway; the color scale indicates the p-value, with darker dots indicating stronger correlations with the corresponding pathway.