Table 2. Patient characteristics.
| Study (No. reference) | No. patients | Method for pathogen confirmation | Source of patients | Average age (y-old) | Age range (y-old) | Sex | Patient disease severity | Comparison | CT abnormal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SARS-CoV-2 tested positive | SARS-CoV-2 tested negative | |||||||||
| Zhou SC et al. (14) | 62 | _ | RT-PCR | Wuhan, Hubei province, China | 52.8±12.2 | 30–77 | Male: 39, female: 23 | NR | _ | 62 |
| Wu J et al. (38) | 130 | _ | Nucleic acid test | Jiangsu province, Shandong province, Guangxi province, Guangdong province, Henan province, Jiangxi province, China | 42.9±15.0 | 25–80 | Male: 78, female: 52 | NR | _ | 130 |
| Shi BB et al. (39) | 23 | _ | Nucleic acid test | Yangzhou, Jiangsu province, China | 50.2±13.0 | 22–72 | Male: 10, female: 13 | NR | _ | 23 |
| Dai H et al. (8) | 234 | _ | RT-PCR; genetic sequencing analysis | Jiangsu province, China | 44.6±14.8 | 7–82 | Male: 136, female: 98 | Mild: 9, moderate: 210, severe: 13, critical: 2 | _ | 219 |
| Damiano C et al. (40) | 62 | 96 | RT-PCR | Rome, Italy | 57±17 | 18–89 | Male: 83, female: 75 | NR | _ | 102 |
| Han R et al. (11) | 108 | _ | RT-PCR | Wuhan, Hubei province, China | 45 | 21–90 | Male: 38, female: 70 | Mild: 108 | _ | 108 |
| Zhao W et al. (9) | 101 | _ | Isolation of SARS-COV-2 or RT-PCR assay | Four cities in Hunan province,, China, | 44.44±12.32, median: 43 | 17–75 | Male: 56, female: 45 | Mild and moderate: 87, severe and critical: 14 | _ | All: 93, mild & moderate: 79, severe & critical: 14 |
| Lu XF et al. (41) | 141 | _ | RT-PCR | Wuhan, Hubei province, China | Median: 49 | 9–87 | Male: 77, female: 64 | NR | _ | 141 |
| Zhu ZX et al. (42) | 82 | _ | RT-PCR | Wuhan, Hubei province, China | Male: 45.13±14.28 female: 48.33±15.24 | NR | Male: 38, female: 44 | Mild: 10, moderate: 60, severe &, critical: 12 | _ | 76 |
| Cheng SP et al. (13) | 105 | _ | RT-PCR | Shandong province, China | 48±14 | 21–88 | Male: 58, female: 47 | Mild: 0, moderate: 92, severe &, critical: 13 | _ | NR |
| Li M et al. (43) | 57 | _ | RT-PCR | Zhuzhou, Hunan province, China | Median: 47 | 18–82 | Male: 30, female: 27 | NR | _ | Initial CT: 54, follow-up CT: 57 |
| Lei PG et al. (15) | 14 | _ | RT-PCR | Guiyang, Guizhou province, China | 47±19 | 12–83 | Male: 8, female: 6 | NR | _ | 10 |
| Jie BK et al. (44) | 24 | _ | RT-PCR | Dezhou, Shandong province, China | 48.80±17.41 | 18–83 | Male: 16, female: 8 | Mild: 17, severe: 7 | _ | 24 |
| Zhao SQ et al. (45) | 13 | _ | RT-PCR | Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China | 49±12 | 31–67 | Male: 9, female: 4 | Mild: 1, moderate: 11, severe: 1 | _ | 12 |
| Pascal L. et al. (46) | 58 | _ | RT-PCR | Como, Italy | 66.3±16.6 | 18–98 | Male: 36, female: 22 | NR | _ | 40 |
| Meng C et al. (47) | 20 | _ | RT-PCR | Haikou, Hainan province, China | 51±14 | 27–73 | Male: 13, female: 7 | Mild: 1, moderate: 18, severe: 1, critical: 0 | _ | 19 |
| Li XH et al. (48) | 26 | _ | RT-PCR | Anhui province, China | Median: 40.5 | 8–60 | Male: 16, female: 10 | NR | _ | 26 |
| Li L et al. (49) | 25 | _ | RT-PCR; genetic sequencing analysis | Beijing, China | 49.72±20.69 | 1–89 | Male: 10, female: 15 | NR | _ | 25 |
| Zhang Y et al. (50) | 40 | 20 | RT-PCR; genetic sequencing analysis | Hebei province, China | COVID-19: 49.33±14.19 | COVID-19: 25–79 | COVID-19: male: 20, female: 20 | NR | Patients with other pneumonia | COVID-19: 40 (No. patients), 459 (No. lesions) |
| Non-COVID-19: 48.90±21.96 | Non-COVID-19:7–81 | Non-COVID-19: male: 9, female: 11 | Non-COVID-19: 20 (No. patients), 258 (No. lesions) | |||||||
| Xiao HJ et al. (51) | 25 | 29 | Pathogen nucleic acide tests | Zhengzhou, Henan province, China | COVID-19: ≤50 16 cases, >50 9 cases | COVID-19: 3–94 | Male: 29, female: 25 | NR | BP: 9 (streptococcus: 6, Klebsiella: 3); MP: 10; P Ed: 2; Can.: 1; AP: 2; EI: 1; PCP: 1; Flu P.: 2; CMV P.: 1 | COVID-19: 25 |
| Non-COVID-19: NR | Non-COVID-19: NR | Non-COVID-19: 29 | ||||||||
| Hu R et al. (52) | 105 | 97 (5 cases turned positive during follow-up) | Nucleic acid test | Shiyan, Hubei province, China | COVID-19: 44.38±15.69 | NR | COVID-19: male: 55, female: 50 | NR | Suspected COVID-19 (>2 times negative RT-PCR results) | COVID-19: 104 |
| Non-COVID-19: 37.00±25.43 | Non-COVID-19: male: 59 female: 38 | Suspected-COVID-19: 97 | ||||||||
| Bai HX et al. (53) | 219 | 205 | RT-PCR for COVID-19 | COVID-19 patients: Hunan province, China; | COVID-19: 44.8±14.5 | COVID-19: 4–76 | COVID-19: male: 119, female: 100 | COVID-19: mild: 6, moderate: 190, severe: 14, critical: 7 | Patients with other viral pneumonia | COVID-19: 219 |
| Respiratory Pathogen Panel (RPP) test for other viral pneumonia | Other viral pneumonia patients: Rhode Island, USA | Non-COVID-19: 64.7±18.6 | Non-COVID-19: 3–96 | Non-COVID-19: male: 103, female: 102 | NR | Non-COVID-19: 205 | ||||
SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; COVID-19,coronavirus disease 2019; Non-COVID-19: non-coronavirus disease 2019; RT-PCR: reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; NR, not reported; y-old, year old; BP, bacterial pneumonia; MP, mycoplasmal pneumonia; P Ed, pulmonary edema; Can., lung cancer; AP, aspiration pneumonia; EI, eosinophilic infiltration of lung; PCP, pneumocystis pneumonia; Flu P., influenza virus pneumonia; CMV P., cytomegalovirus pneumonia.