Table 1. Baseline characteristics of enrolled pregnant women at 12±1 weeks’ gestation.

Variables	Outcome
Number	320
Age	27.1±4.0
BMI	22.7±4.7
History of smoking	14 (4.4%)
H. pylori infection	78 (24.4%)
Reproductive history
Primipara	232 (72.5%)
Multipara	88 (27.5%)
WC, cm	73.7±9.8
Systolic BP, mmHg	114.0±8.3
Diastolic BP, mmHg	71.1±6.9
Fasting BG, mmol/L	4.4±1.4
TG, mmol/L	0.72±0.12
HDL-c, mmol/L	1.5±0.4

BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; BP, blood pressure; BG, blood glucose; TG, triglycerides; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.