Table 1.
High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with spectrophotometric detection and tandem mass spectrometric detection with electrospray ionization (HPLC-UV-Vis-ESI MS/MS) characterization of color compounds.
| No | Compound Name | tR, min | [M − H]−, m/z | Frag., V | Product Ions, m/z (CE, V) | λmax, nm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hematein * | 4.0 | 299 | 130 | 281 (8), 253 (15), 174 (20), 125 (20) | 284, 383 |
| 2 | hematoxylin * | 5.2 | 301 | 150 | 283 (17), 179 (15), 137 (21), 123 (29) | 279, 397 |
| 3 | brazilein | 5.5 | 283 | 130 | 265 (25), 174 (25), 145 (25), 109 (25) | |
| 4 | hc1 | 5.8 | 319 | 90 | 259 (15), 247 (15), 241 (15), 227 (15) | |
| 5 | protosappanin B | 6.6 | 303 | 130 | 231 (15) | |
| 6 | brazilin | 7.1 | 285 | 110 | 163 (25), 135 (30), 121 (30) | |
| 7 | hc3 (hematoxylin dimer) | 7.2 | 603 | 150 | 301 (20), 179 (20) | |
| 8 | laccaic acid E | 7.9 | 494 | 90 | 450 (10), 406 (20) | 228, 288, 492 |
| 9 | deoxyerythrolaccin di-O-hexoside (pp2) | 8.0 | 593 | 170 | 431 (25), 269 (35) | |
| 10 | hc2 | 8.2 | 317 | 90 | 195 (15), 152 (15), 125 (30) | |
| 11 | ceas1 (brazilin-like) | 8.4 | 285 | 130 | 257 (15), 243 (25), 214 (25) | |
| 12 | kermesic acid di-C-hexoside (pp3) | 8.5 | 653 | 170 | 609 (20), 357 (30), 327 (30) | |
| 14 | caesD | 9.3 | 303 | 130 | 245 (10), 227 (10), 217 (25) | |
| 15 | hc4 (dimer) | 9.4 | 581 | 150 | 281 (25) | |
| 16 | laccaic acid C | 9.5 | 538 | 90 | 494 (10), 450 (20) | 228, 288, 492 |
| 17 | flavokermesic acid O-hexoside (pp6/ppI) | 10.3 | 475 | 170 | 431 (15), 269 (25) | 285, 339, 399 |
| 18 | flavokermesic acid 2-C-glucoside (dcII) | 10.5 | 475 | 170 | 431 (13), 341 (22), 311 (22), 282 (41) | 287, 435 |
| 19 | carminic acid * | 11.2 | 491 | 170 | 447 (14), 357 (22), 327 (22), 299 (34) | 276, 310, 496 |
| 20 | kermesic acid O-hexoside (pp7/ppII) | 11.8 | 491 | 170 | 447 (15), 285 (25) | 276, 466 |
| 21 | urolithin C | 13.9 | 243 | 130 | 215 (25), 199 (25), 187 (25) | |
| 22 | dc3 | 14.5 | 535 | 170 | 473 (20), 445 (30), 415 (25) | |
| 23 | flavokermesic acid 6-O-glucoside (dcOfka) | 14.8 | 475 | 170 | 431 (20), 268 (35), 240 (45) | 280, 342, 431 |
| 24 | carminic acid derivative | 15.1 | 519 | 170 | 475 (15), 357 (25), 327 (25), 298 (40) | |
| 25 | dc4 | 15.5 | 519 | 170 | 397 (30), 385 (25), 327 (35) | |
| 26 | protosappanin E | 16.2 | 585 | 90 | 283 (15) | |
| 27 | kermesic acid O-hexoside (pp9) | 16.3 | 491 | 170 | 447 (18), 284 (25) | |
| 28 | caes2 (brazilin-like) | 16.4 | 285 | 130 | 161 (15), 134 (25) | |
| 29 | deoxyerythrolaccin O-hexoside (pp10) | 16.5 | 431 | 170 | 269 (25) | |
| 30 | kermesic acid 7-C-glucofuranoside (dcIV) | 16.8 | 491 | 170 | 447 (15), 357 (25), 327 (35), 299 (40) | 277, 314, 493 |
| 34 | xantholaccaic acid B | 17.4 | 479 | 90 | 435 (10), 391 (25) | |
| 35 | lucidin O-primeveroside | 17.9 | 563 | 130 | 269 (10), 251 (45) | 246, 266, 342, 407 |
| 36 | kermesic acid 7-C-glucofuranoside (dcVII) | 18.4 | 491 | 170 | 447 (15), 357 (25), 327 (30), 299 (35) | 277, 312, 492 |
| 38 | ruberthyric acid | 18.5 | 533 | 130 | 239 (18) | 228, 258, 334, 416 |
| 39 | laccaic acid B | 19.2 | 495 | 90 | 451 (10), 407 (20), 389 (35) | 230, 288, 492 |
| 40 | xantholaccaic acid A | 19.4 | 520 | 90 | 476 (10), 432 (25) | 230, 288, 492 |
| 41 | deoxyerythrolaccin O-hexoside (pp12) | 21.5 | 431 | 170 | 268 (30) | |
| 42 | anthraflavic acid * | 21.6 | 239 | 130 | 211 (26), 210 (30), 195 (22), 182 (42) | 240, 273, 299, 346 |
| 43 | laccaic acid A | 21.6 | 536 | 90 | 492 (10), 448 (18), 430 (30), 358 (45) | 228, 288, 492 |
| 48 | rubiadin O-primeveroside | 22.6 | 547 | 130 | 253 (20) | |
| 50 | anthragallol | 23.6 | 255 | 130 | 227 (25), 153 (35), 125 (35) | |
| 51 | flavokermesic acid | 23.6 | 313 | 90 | 269 (10) | 284, 342, 431 |
| 52 | kermesic acid * | 24.2 | 329 | 90 | 285 (10) | 274, 308, 492 |
| 53 | kermesic acid O-hexoside derivative (1) (pp14) | 25.5 | 589 | 170 | 545 (20), 357 (25), 327 (25) | |
| 54 | lucidin | 25.7 | 299 | 130 | 251 (15), 223 (30), 195 (35) | |
| 55 | alizarin * | 26.4 | 239 | 170 | 211 (26), 210 (30) | 248, 274, 324, 429 |
| 57 | deoxyerythrolaccin | 27.2 | 269 | 130 | 241 (25), 225 (25) | |
| 59 | anthrarufin * | 27.4 | 239 | 170 | 211 (26), 182 (45) | 225, 252, 285, 417 |
| 60 | kermesic acid O-hexoside derivative (2) (pp15) | 27.4 | 617 | 170 | 545 (20), 357 (25), 327 (25) | |
| 61 | xanthopurpurin | 27.5 | 239 | 130 | 211 (25), 195 (25) | |
| 62 | santalin A | 27.6 | 581 | 130 | 566 (25), 551 (32), 523 (40) | |
| 63 | erythrolaccin | 27.9 | 285 | 130 | 257 (25), 241 (25) | |
| 64 | purpurin * | 28.3 | 255 | 130 | 227 (22), 171 (30), 129 (38), 101 (45) | 255, 290, 482 |
| 66 | rubiadin * | 29.0 | 253 | 110 | 225 (25), 209 (22), 195 (55) | 245, 278, 330, 411 |
| 68 | santalin B | 29.8 | 595 | 130 | 580 (25), 565 (35) | |
| 69 | chrysazin * | 29.8 | 239 | 170 | 211 (26) | 223, 252, 283, 428 |
| 70 | quinizarin * | 30.1 | 239 | 210 | 211 (18) | 224,248, 278, 324, 479 |
| 71 | ps1(santalin-like) | 30.2 | 503 | 130 | 488 (20), 473 (25), 445 (25) | |
| 72 | nordamnacanthal | 30.5 | 267 | 90 | 239 (14), 211 (25), 195 (34) | 259, 294, 418 |
| 73 | chrysophanol * | 30.8 | 253 | 170 | 225 (26) | 225, 256, 277, 287, 429 |
| 74 | santarubin A | 30.9 | 609 | 130 | 594 (25), 579 (25), 551 (40) | |
| 75 | atranorin * | 31.0 | 373 | 90 | 177 (10), 163 (14), 133 (22) | |
| 76 | rt1 (alizarin-licidin O-dimer) | 32.1 | 491 | 150 | 251 (25), 239 (35) | |
| 13 | isatin * | 8.8 | 148 | 90 | 130 (15), 102 (25), 92 (20), 77 (25), 65 (30) | 296, 413 |
| 31 | indigoid compound A | 17.2 | 262 | 90 | 235 (30), 219 (30), 190 (40), 120 (30) | |
| 32 | β/γ-aminoorcein | 17.2 | 485 | 140 | 470 (45), 415 (40), 362 (42) | |
| 33 | β/γ-aminoorceinimine | 17.3 | 484 | 140 | 469 (50), 468 (42), 361 (50) | |
| 37 | indigoid compound B | 18.4 | 262 | 90 | 234 (20), 219 (20), 31 (30) | |
| 44 | β/γ-hydroxyorcein | 21.7 | 486 | 140 | 471 (45), 469 (40), 416 (40) | |
| 45 | α-aminoorceinimine | 21.9 | 362 | 140 | 347 (38), 331 (45), 278 (40) | |
| 46 | β/γ-aminoorceinimine | 22.0 | 484 | 140 | 469 (45), 424 (55), 362 (42) | |
| 47 | β/γ-aminoorcein | 22.3 | 485 | 140 | 470 (42), 415 (40), 362 (42) | |
| 49 | α-aminoorcein | 22.7 | 363 | 140 | 348 (28), 347 (32), 303 (40), 240 (36) | |
| 56 | β/γ-hydroxyorcein | 26.6 | 486 | 140 | 471 (45), 416 (42) | |
| 58 | α-hydroxyorcein | 27.3 | 364 | 140 | 349 (30), 344 (25), 294 (25), 279 (40) | |
| 65 | indigotin * | 28.7 | 263 | 90 | 235 (23), 219 (19), 206 (39), 132 (35), 77 (50) | 291, 620 # |
| 67 | indirubin * | 29.2 | 263 | 170 | 235 (19), 219 (23), 190 (43) | 257, 550 # |
* Data determined for standard solutions and presented in [37], # absorption maxima determined for DMSO solutions.