Table 1.
Identified compounds in spontaneous emissions of the studied Helichysum spp. (for chromatograms, see Table S1 in Supplementary Materials).
| Compounds * | Class | RIexp | R Lit | H. cooperi | H. edwardsii | H. pandurifolium | H. trilineatum | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Relative Abundance (%) | ||||||||
| 1 | α-thujene | mh | 930 | 924 | 2.4 ± 0.4 | 2.9 ± 0.1 | - | 0.4 ± 0.1 |
| 2 | α-pinene ∠ | mh | 939 | 932 | 9.2 ± 1.0 | - | 25.7 ± 4.8 | 64.8 ± 2.9 |
| 3 | sabinene ∠ | mh | 974 | 969 | 34.4 ± 4.3 | 29.2 ± 1.4 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 |
| 4 | β-pinene ∠ | mh | 979 | 974 | 2.5 ± 0.2 | 16.4 ± 1.7 | 17.5 ± 4.8 | 2.8 ± 1.1 |
| 5 | myrcene ∠ | mh | 991 | 988 | - | 1.1 ± 0.0 | 2.3 ± 1.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 |
| 6 | α-phellandrene ∠ | mh | 1003 | 1002 | 2.3 ± 0.5 | 0.5 ± 0.0 | - | - |
| 7 | α-terpinene ∠ | mh | 1017 | 1014 | 6.1 ± 1.1 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.1 |
| 8 | p-cymene ∠ | mh | 1025 | 1020 | 1.5 ± 0.0 | - | - | - |
| 9 | sylvestrene | mh | 1027 | 1025 | - | 3.8 ± 0.2 | - | - |
| 10 | limonene ∠ | mh | 1029 | 1024 | - | - | 2.0 ± 0.92 | 0.5 ± 0.3 |
| 11 | 1,8-cineole ∠ | om | 1031 | 1026 | 20.5 ± 0.7 | - | 1.0 ± 0.16 | 0.2 ± 0.1 |
| 12 | (Z)-β-ocimene | mh | 1037 | 1032 | - | - | 6.2 ± 2.84 | 0.1 ± 0.1 |
| 13 | γ-terpinene ∠ | mh | 1060 | 1054 | 1.5 ± 0.0 | 3.1 ± 0.3 | 0.1 ± 0.06 | 0.4 ± 0.2 |
| 14 | terpinolene ∠ | mh | 1088 | 1086 | - | 1.1 ± 0.1 | - | - |
| 15 | cis-thujone ∠ | om | 1103 | 1101 | - | 1.3 ± 0.2 | - | - |
| 16 | trans-thujone ∠ | om | 1114 | 1112 | - | 18.0 ± 1.4 | - | - |
| 17 | allo-ocimene | om | 1132 | 1128 | - | - | 1.1 ± 0.6 | - |
| 18 | δ-elemene | sh | 1338 | 1335 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | - | - | 2.4 ± 0.5 |
| 19 | α-copaene ∠ | sh | 1377 | 1374 | 2.5 ± 0.3 | 2.1 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.2 ± 0.0 |
| 20 | italicene | sh | 1403 | 1405 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | - | - | - |
| 21 | β-caryophyllene ∠ | sh | 1419 | 1417 | 0.7 ± 0.0 | 6.9 ± 0.8 | 6.8 ± 1.9 | 4.0 ± 0.1 |
| 22 | cis-thujopsene | sh | 1431 | 1429 | - | - | - | - |
| 23 | β-copaene | sh | 1432 | 1430 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | - | - | 1.0 ± 0.1 |
| 24 | α-humulene ∠ | sh | 1455 | 1452 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | |
| 25 | allo-aromadendrene | sh | 1460 | 1458 | - | 0.4 ± 0.0 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.3 ± 0.0 |
| 26 | γ-muurolene | sh | 1480 | 1478 | 4.1 ± 0.5 | - | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.0 |
| 27 | germacrene D | sh | 1485 | 1484 | 1.4 ± 0.1 | - | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 9.7 ± 3.6 |
| 28 | α-muurolene | sh | 1499 | 1500 | - | 4.4 ± 0.2 | - | - |
| 29 | bicyclogermacrene | sh | 1500 | 1500 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | - | - | 4.5 ± 1.5 |
| 30 | δ-cadinene | sh | 1524 | 1522 | - | 0.4 ± 0.0 | 22.0 ± 4.5 | 0.2 ± 0.0 |
| 31 | viridiflorol | os | 1591 | 1592 | - | - | 6.9 ± 1.6 | - |
| 32 | octyl ether | nt | 1659 | 1657 § | - | 3.7 ± 0.0 | - | - |
* Compounds present with percentage ≥1% in at least one of the Helichrysum spp. Data are reported as mean values (n = 3 ± SD); L.R.Iexp, linear retention time experimentally determined; L.R.I.lit, linear retention time reported by Adams 2007 (26); § linear retention time in pubchem (www.pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov). ∠ compounds identified by comparison to injected authentic reference samples purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Inc. Bold format: Main constituents.